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Rizal > PPT- Rizal's Social Origin and Historical Context > Flashcards

PPT- Rizal's Social Origin and Historical Context Flashcards

1
Q

The name that was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian saint San Jose

A

Jose

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2
Q

Name from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar

A

Protacio

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3
Q

Name adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lamco (the paternal great-grandftaher of Jose Rizal) which the Spanish term means “market” in English

A

Mercado

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4
Q

Name from the word “ricial” in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while stigreen, sprouts again

A

Rizal

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5
Q

Old surname of Rizal’s mother

A

Alonzo

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6
Q

Name that was used by Donya Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on the culture

A

Realonda

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7
Q

What is Rizal’s full name?

A

José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

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8
Q

When was Rizal born?

A

June 19, 1861

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9
Q

Why was his name changed to Jose Rizal?

A

When he studied in Manila at the Jesuit Ateneo Municipal school, he changed his name to “Jose Rizal” because his brother, Paciano Mercado, was wanted by the colonial authorities for being an associate of the martyred priest, Fr. Jose Burgos, and Paciano feared that Rizal would not be accepted under his real name.

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10
Q

Rizal’s Chinese descent can be traced to ____ (great grandfather on his mother’s side), a well-known lawyer of Manila and ______ (great great grandfather on his father’s side) a Chinese merchant whose wife is _____, a Chinese Mestiza.

A

Manuel de Quintos
Domingo Lam-co
Ines de la Rosa

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11
Q

4 classifications of people when the Spaniards came based on legislation

A

Spaniards & Spanish Mestizos- No tribute payment
Indios(Malayan Inhabitants)- Lowest tribute payment
Chinese- With tribute payment
Chinese mestizos- Double the Indios’ tribute payment

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12
Q

The status of the parents would determine your classification as ____

A

INDIO or MESTIZO

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13
Q

Children of Mestizos would be mestizos; If a mestiza married an indio she and her children would be ____

A

indios

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14
Q

The _____ had an important economic position as food providers, retail traders, and artisans

A

Chinese

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15
Q

______ granted a piece of land (Binondo-China town) to the Chinese to preserve their economic services.

A

Gov. Dasmarinas

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16
Q

There the mestizos broke away from the Chinese and established the ______ in 1741.

A

Gremio de Mestizo de Binondo

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17
Q

______ was an indio cacique (chief/boss) who wished to be a Chinese mestizo & successfully joined the famous Cremio de Mestizos de Binondo

A

Capitan Tiago

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18
Q

In the mid 19th century, the Spaniards used the _____ tactic between indios (large number) and mestizos (large wealth) because they might revolt against Spaniards.

A

“divide and rule”

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19
Q

The religious order landlords were: (DARO)

A

Dominicans (10 estates),
Augustinians (7),
Recollects (2),
Order of St. John (1)

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20
Q

The friars acquired estates through Spanish donations to receive _____, direct purchase from Spaniards, Filipino donations and sales (invariably) by Filipino chiefs/headmen.

A

spiritual benefits

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21
Q

What was the effect of exempted labor?

A

It populated the estates with laborers and became dependable suppliers.

22
Q

How did the 1745 rebellion begin?

A

The Dominicans authorized a fraudulent survey of the land in Silang, Cavite which was ratified by the Royal Audencia. The friars took possession of the land and expelled the people. This also happened in San Mateo, Tondo and in the Augustinian hacienda. The Recollects also wanted a survey on their hacienda in Imus.

23
Q

What was one pattern of Spanish rule?

A

Oppression > people’s revolt > Spanish vengeance

24
Q

Rizal’s Letter to Filipinos in Barcelona in 1889 stated how the death of the _____ motivated illustrados to fight. Rizal swore to avenge one day the victims of the mutiny.

A

GOMBURZA

25
Q

How did the dispute/controversy between the regular and secular clergy begin?

A

1) structure of patronato real
2) Bishop’s visitation controversy
3) late& erratic development of a native clergy to join the Church.

26
Q

______, seconded by_____ led the resistance against racial discrimination in the Church.

A

Fr. Pedro Pelaez, Fr. Mariano Gomez

27
Q

He was democratic in his sympathies but was suspicious of Filipinos with anti-Spanish sentiments and were put under surveillance and inspection.

A

Gov. Gen. Dela Torre

28
Q

During the reign of Dela Torre, _____ led some UST students to circulate anonymous leaflets to attain change in the university system.

A

Felipe Buencamino

29
Q

_____ wrote articles in the La Discusion, a republican and anti-clerical newspaper in Madrid, to challenge the Spanish friars

A

Fr. Burgos

30
Q

______, Madrid procurator of the Phil. Franciscans, retaliated by writing criticisms against the Filipino clergy and defended the Spanish friars.

A

Fr. Joaquin de Coria

31
Q

_____ criticized Fr. Burgos for bringing ecclesiastical questions into the public press such as the La Discusion.

A

Fr. Pedro Bertran

32
Q

What were the 3 newpapers in Madrid in which Filipinos could write? (LEE)

A

La Discusion
El Correo
El Eco Filipino

33
Q

According to a Filipino, _____, it was simply a mutiny of Filipino soldiers of the Cavite arsenal who were dissatisfied by the abolition of the tribute exemption and forced labor exemption.

A

Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera

34
Q

The GOMBURZA were executed by _____ because they were falsely accused of leading the mutiny.

A

strangulation

35
Q

a sense of national consciousness exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations

A

nationalism

36
Q

What were some of the reforms that Rizal and his fellow illustrados demanded?

A

Filipino representatives in the Cortes, Filipinization in Churches, & equal rights

37
Q

Describe Rizal as a student?

A

He excelled in almost all subjects such as language, spelling, science, & foreign languages.

38
Q

How did Rizal’s education affect his thinking/principles?

A

Because of education he learned about the Spanish abuses and desired reforms in society.

39
Q

Why were the plans to break Rizal out of jail did not succeed?

A

He preferred a bloodless battle for independence.

40
Q

Why were the plans to break Rizal out of jail did not succeed?

A

He preferred a bloodless battle for independence.

41
Q

How was Rizal represented in the Noli Me Tangere?

A
  • He was Elias who wanted radical reforms in the armed forces, priesthood, & justice system & believed in education as the key to liberation.
  • He was also Ibarra who believed in the power of authorities and the need for armed struggle
42
Q

How was Rizal represented in the El Filibusterismo?

A
  • He was Simoun (Ibarra in disguise adamant about the revolution).
  • He was Basilio (like Ibarra initially in the Noli who believed in Education for freedom & equality)
  • He was Padre Florentino, an advocate of peace and who prevailed in the novel.
43
Q

Rizal was a ____ (He understood why there was a need for a revolution). But he was more strongly an ____ (wanting freedom thru peaceful means).

A

realist
idealist

44
Q

Did he want to separate from Spain?

A

No because it was like a mother country to him (his education) and he love the Philippines too. The was why he only wanted REFORMS not separation and education.

45
Q

What were some of the things that built up the nationalism in the Filipinos?

A
  • the Spanish abuses
  • international trade
  • the entry of liberal ideas to the Philippines
  • the Cavite Mutiny
  • the execution of the Gomburza
  • the rise of the new middle class
  • the secularization movement
  • most of all the death of Rizal.
46
Q

Who were the first settlers in the Philippines? How did they reach the archipelago?

A
  • They were the Negritos 25,000 years ago
  • They used a land bridge connecting Malaysia and China.
47
Q

The first wave of ____ arrived around 300 to 200 BC. The knew mining, smelting of iron, irrigation, planting, the use of carabaos and horses, pottery, making of glass beads and weaving.

A

Malays

48
Q

They second wave of Malays arrived around the 13th century, the beginning of the _____ & brought with them their ______.

A

Christian era
Writing & syllabaries system

49
Q

The last Malay group were the ___ Malays who marked the foundation and development of ____ in Mindanao & Sulu.

A

Muslim
Islam

50
Q

Why was it easy for the Spaniards to colonize the Philippines?

A

They were disunited barangays that were constantly fighting for survival. But they were the source of our heritage which westerners could not uproot for 4 centuries.

51
Q

Who are the siblings of Jose Rizal in chronological order? (oldest to youngest)

A

SATURNINA RIZAL
PACIANO RIZAL
NARCISA RIZAL
OLYMPIA RIZAL
LUCIA RIZAL
MARIA RIZAL
JOSE RIZAL
CONCEPCION RIZAL
JOSEFA RIZAL
TRINIDAD RIZAL
SOLEDAD RIZAL

Rizal (7 decks)

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