PPT #3

Question 1

3 medication options for Mood stabilizers

Answer 1

Lithium, antiepileptic meds, atypical antipsychotics

Question 2

3 antiepileptic meds

Answer 2

Valproic acid, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine

Question 3

Benefits of Lithium

Answer 3

highly effective, treats from above and below, and lowers suicide risk

Question 4

The problem with lithium?

Answer 4

narrow therauptic window. below the window it doesnt work. above is toxic

Question 5

What should lithium levels be?

Answer 5

<1.5 mEq/L

Question 6

Side effects of Lithium

Answer 6

Mild nausea, diarrhea, fine hand tremors, polyuria and polydipsia, weight gain

Question 7

Early Signs of Lithium Toxicity (ACNE)

Answer 7

ataxia, coarse tremors, n/v/d, ears ringing

Question 8

Client teaching for Lithium

Answer 8

take food, maintain fluid and salt intake, avoid strenous exercise, signs of toxicity

Question 9

Anxiolytics

Answer 9

Benzos, buspirone, antidepressants, beta blockers, certain antihistamines

Question 10

Common use of Benzos

Answer 10

anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasms, seizure disorders, sleep disorders

Question 11

Benzo Drugs?

Answer 11

Alprazolam, diazepam, lorazepam, chlorodiazepoxide, clonazepam

Question 12

Difference in benzos?

Answer 12

The onset and duration

Question 13

How do Benzos work?

Answer 13

They help GABA work better and work immediately after absorption and work on the same receptor as alchohol.

Question 14

Problem with Benzos?

Answer 14

Sedation, ataxia, impaired memory. Addictive and you must slowly wean long term users off

Question 15

Benzo Precautions?

Answer 15

History of drug abuse, liver disease, and elderly

Question 16

Key points of benzos

Answer 16

For short term use, dont drink with alcohol, dont quit abruptly and Flumazenil is the antdote for overdose of benzos

Question 17

How does Buspirone work?

Answer 17

It binds to serotonin receptors and loosely to dopamine receptors

Question 18

How does buspirone compare to other benzos?

Answer 18

no abuse potential, not a cns depressant, no major withdrawal issues

Question 19

Disadvantage of buspirone

Answer 19

takes longer to work. clients must avoid drinking grapefruit juice

Question 20

Common uses of FGAs

Answer 20

Schizophrenia, agitation, n/v intractable hiccups

Question 21

What are the FGAS?

Answer 21

Haloperidol, chlorpromazine

Question 22

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 22

auditory hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior

Question 23

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 23

affective flattering, alogia, avolition, anhedonia, and social isolation

Question 24

How do FGAs work?

Answer 24

They block dopamine receptors in the brain

Question 25

Side effects of FGAs

Answer 25

anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension, sedation, neuroendocrine effects, photosensitivity

Question 26

Extra pyramidal symptoms of FGAs

Answer 26

acute dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia

Question 27

Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome

Answer 27

FEVER

fever, elevated WBC’s and CPK, vital signs unstable, encephalopathy, rigidity

Question 28

HYC of FGAS

Answer 28

wear sunscreen, dont treat EPS with antipsychotics

Question 29

Common use of SGAs

Answer 29

schizophrenia, bipolar, dementia with psychotic features

Question 30

What drugs are SGAs?

Answer 30

clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole

Question 31

How do SGAs work?

Answer 31

Block dopamine and serotonin

Question 32

Problem with SGAs ?

Answer 32

Lower risk of EPS, high metabolic syndrome, expensive, equally effective

Question 33

Metablic syndrome

Answer 33

centraal obesity, hypertension, high blood sugar, dyslipidema

Question 34

Highly effective, can cause agranulocytosis,requires weekly monitoring (WBCs) report signs of infection

Answer 34

clozapine