PPT #1

Question 1

The dark, outer ring of the brain.

Answer 1

cortex

Question 2

Four areas of the cerebral cortex

Answer 2

Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

Question 3

The frontal lobe is responsible for ______ function and is considered the _____ of the brain.

Answer 3

executive; CEO

Question 4

Two mental disorders frontal lobe is responsible for?

Answer 4

ADHD and substance abuse

Question 5

A complex system of neurons in the brain

Answer 5

limbic system

Question 6

What does the limbic system control?

Answer 6

Learning, memory, emotions, and basic drives.

Question 7

Parts of the limbic system?

Answer 7

Hippocampus (memory), amygdala (emotions), and hypothalamus( basic drives for food and sex, temp regulation)

Question 8

Which part creates nuerotransmitters?

Answer 8

cell body

Question 9

Nuerons communicate by sending what?

Answer 9

neurotransmitters

Question 10

Each time a receptor is triggered, it causes ____ changes in the cell body

Answer 10

voltage

Question 11

Electrical discharge that fires down the axon

Answer 11

action potential

Question 12

The action potential travels down the axon until it reaches the axon terminal. Inside the terminal are vesicles containing neurotransmitters. Vesicles empty their neurotransmitters in the _____

Answer 12

synapse

Question 13

After diffusing into the synapse, neurotransmitters find their way to ______

Answer 13

post-synaptic terminals

Question 14

Although there are over 50 neurotransmitters, what 6 do we need to know for Pharm?

Answer 14

Monoamines: Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, Glutamate, GABA, Acetylcholine

Question 15

Regulates attention, concentration, pleasure, energy, mood, motivation, muscle movements.

Answer 15

Dopamine

Question 16

Regulates mood, alertness, concentration, energy and activates fight or flight response

Answer 16

Norephinephrine

Question 17

Regulates mood, anxiety, sexual desires, appetite.

Answer 17

Serotonin

Question 18

The main excitatory neurotransmittter thats considered the gas pedal.

Answer 18

Glutamate

Question 19

The main inhibitor (stopper) neurotransmitter considered the brake pedal

Answer 19

GABA

Question 20

Increased levels of GABA can:

Answer 20

reduce anxiety, induce sleep, stop and prevent seizures

Question 21

Used in brain areas that regulate attention and memory

Answer 21

Acetylcholine

Question 22

Acetylcholine is increased for:

Answer 22

Alzheimers and Parkinsons

Question 23

3 ways neurons terminate a signal:

Answer 23

diffusion (float away into cerebrospinal fluid), enzymatic degradation (Enzymes break apart neurotransmitters like pac-man and end in -ase), and reuptake (pumps inside presynaptic terminal has pumps that suck neuro transmitters back in the presynaptic terminal for future use.

Question 24

Part that receives nuerotransmitters?

Answer 24

postsynaptic terminal

Question 25

Which part carries electrical signal ?

Answer 25

axon

Question 26

Which releases neurotransmitters?

Answer 26

axon terminal

Question 27

What is the synapse?

Answer 27

gap between pre and postsynaptic terminals

Question 28

what are the 3 major monamine neurotransmitters?

Answer 28

dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin

Question 29

Monamines that regulate mood?

Answer 29

dopamine, serotinin, norepinephrine

Question 30

monamines that regulate attention/alertness?

Answer 30

dopamine, norepinephrine

Question 31

monamine that regulates muscle movements?

Answer 31

dopamine

Question 32

neurotransmitter that helps reduce anxiety?

Answer 32

serotonin, GABA

Question 33

Which neurotransmitter do we try to increase in Alzheimers patients?

Answer 33

Acetylcholine