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Poultry > PPT 19 Diseases > Flashcards

PPT 19 Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

define virulence.

A

the ability of an organism to cause a disease in the host.

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2
Q

what is necropsy?

A

performed on a different species.

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3
Q

what is autopsy?

A

performed on ones own kind.

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4
Q

viruses must propagate only in living cells. T or F?

A

True

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5
Q

T or F bacteria do not require a host cell?

A

True

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6
Q

what are fungal diseases caused by?

A

yeasts and molds

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7
Q

what is the smallest known free living organisms?

A

mycoplasma

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8
Q

give some examples of internal parasites.

A

protozoa disease(cocidiosis), roundworms, cecal worms, tapeworms…

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9
Q

name some external parasites.

A

lice, mites, flies, fleas, and chiggers.

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10
Q

T or F? can nutritional deficiencies cause disease?

A

True/Yes

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11
Q

give an example of a disease causing toxic agent.

A

mycotoxins produced by molds.

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12
Q

ammonia build up, carbon dioxide, and excess heat and humidity are known as ______________ conditions that can cause disease.

A

environmental

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13
Q

what is horizontal spread of disease?

A

disease spreading from infected animal to uninfected animal by means of direct or indirect contact.

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14
Q

name some animate vectors of disease.

A

wild birds, insects, rodents, and caretakers.

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15
Q

name some inanimate vectors of disease.

A

feed, air, water, and equipment.

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16
Q

what is meant by vertical disease transmission?

A

disease from parent to offspring through the egg.

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17
Q

give examples on how to control poultry disease.

A

immunize, decrease the intensity of exposure to disease causing agents, isolation and quarantining of diseased poultry, and eliminating infected parent stock so that eggs will not become infected.

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18
Q

Avian Influenza is caused by what?

A

virus (influenza A)

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19
Q

H7 and H5(hemagglutinin antigens) are the highest of pathogenic types in Bird Flu. T or F?

A

True

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20
Q

how is avian influenza transferred?

A

horizontally through wild birds

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21
Q

what are signs of avian influenza?

A

lack of energy/appetite, nasal discharge, and sudden death.

22
Q

can bird influenza be prevented?

A

yes with vaccination

23
Q

what type of disease is Marek’s disease?

A

viral(herpes virus)

24
Q

what are signs of Marek’s disease?

A

paralysis, enlarge nerves, tumors/lesions on liver, kidney, testis, and ovaries, and swelling of nerves.

25
Q

which disease was the major cause of condemnations in poultry flocks?

A

Marek’s Disease

26
Q

what disease is caused by paramyxovirus?

A

Exotic Newcastle Disease

27
Q

what are some signs of Newcastle Disease?

A

respiratory distress, paralysis of legs and wings, and rapid loss of egg production.

28
Q

what is the percent of mortality for Newcastle disease?

A

50%

29
Q

what is the second most common reason for condemnations of birds at the proccessing plants?

A

mycoplasma disease(airsacculitis)

30
Q

mycoplasma disease leads to what kind of diseases?

A

respiratory

31
Q

the accumulation of exudative material in air sacs and thickening and discoloration of air sacs is known as what?

A

air sacculitis

32
Q

Salmonella Pullorum is what type of disease?

A

bacterial

33
Q

signs of salmonella Pullorum?

A

high mucus in intestines/pasty vents, droopiness and chicks huddle.

34
Q

how can you prevent salmonella Pullorum?

A

eliminate parent stock that are positive, keep equipment clean

35
Q

what is the bacterial disease that is caused by Salmonella gallinarium?

A

Fowl Typoid

36
Q

The signs of what two bacterial diseases are exactly the same?

A

Fowl Typoid and Salmonella Pullorum

37
Q

what disease is caused by the bacteria Clostridium perfringens?

A

Necrotic Enteritis

38
Q

what are some signs of Necrotic Enteritis?

A

The GI tract tissue begins to die which leaves the gut distended and very fragile. It can also become watery and greenish brown.

39
Q

how is Necrotic Enteritis transmitted?

A

through egg or oral(from eating droppings

40
Q

Mycotoxicoses are caused by what?

A

fungi

41
Q

what are signs that mycotoxins have gotten into feed?

A

molds are growing, growth decreases and immunity and disease resistance is decreased.

42
Q

what mycotoxin is the most problematic?

A

Alfatoxins

43
Q

What causes Coccidiosis?

A

internal parasites(Eimeria)

44
Q

what is the most expensive disease to control?

A

coccidiosis

45
Q

vaccinations can help in preventing Coccidiosis. T or F?

A

True

46
Q

what are some signs of coccidiosis?

A

bloody diarrhea, slow growth and loss of appetite.

47
Q

describe the cycle of coccidiosis.

A

transmission comes from oocysts living in litter.
DAY1-Chicken ingests oocysts and come in contact with trypsin and bile(release of spores).
DAY2-4-sporozoites invade gut wall and reproduce invading forms called merozoites.
DAY6-7-sexual reproduction occurs and fertilized gametes form oocysts which discharge in droppings.sporulation occurs in 24-48 hours.

48
Q

what type of disease is Ascities?

A

metabolic disease

49
Q

what is Ascities also known as?

A

water belly

50
Q

what is Ascities?

A

accumulation of fluid in abdomen that can cause heart failure/pulmonary hypertension and death.

51
Q

what disease leads to a $1 billion dollar/year loss?

A

Ascities

52
Q

what conditions cause Ascities?

A

rapid development, cold temperatures during brooding, high altitudes, and excess salts.

Poultry (6 decks)

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