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Poultry > PPT 13 Broiler Management > Flashcards

PPT 13 Broiler Management Flashcards

1
Q

List the vertical integration of poultry industry.

A

Breeder House->Hatchery->Broiler House ->Processing Plant->Further Processing Plant

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2
Q

who assumes the market risk if profits fluctuate?

A

The company.

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3
Q

How much does the grower make per bird?

A

$0.04

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4
Q

How many flocks do contract growers raise per year?

A

5-7

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5
Q

Do Growers follow there own procedures or those of the company?

A

Company

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6
Q

On what are the grower’s pay based on?

A

Performance; pounds produced, feed efficiency, low mortality, etc.

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7
Q

What is the grower liable for providing?

A

Labor and Housing/Equipment (ie. feeders, waterers, brooders, water, electricity, fuel, litter, and mortality disposal.)

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8
Q

What does the Company provide?

A

Chicks, feed, medications, technical assistance, labor and equipment for catching and hauling.

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9
Q

Why are broilers housed?

A

protection from weather/predators, minimize disease exposure, provide light stimulus, and minimize labor requirements.

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10
Q

What are typical dimensions of a broiler house?

A

500’ x 50’

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11
Q

in evaporative cooinghow fast are air velocities?

A

~350-500 feet per minute.

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12
Q

explain complete environmental control houses?

A

They have evaporative cooling and and fans on opposite sides of the house. Closed in walls.

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13
Q

Explain partial environmental control houses.

A

side curtains allow option for natural ventilation or not. still uses evaporative cooling and has insulated ceiling.

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14
Q

What do the housing controllers do?

A

they operate air inlet opening/closing, fans, heaters, tunnel curtain, evaporative cooling system.

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15
Q

What is the difference in minimum ventilation vs. tunnel ventilation?

A

minimum maintains air quality while minimizing heat loss and fuel usage. (curtains close, air enters inlets, moves along ceiling, warms, and falls on birds.)

Tunnel removes bird heat to keep birds comfortable.(ventilates moisture, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and dust)

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16
Q

Does evaporative cooling work better with high or low relative humidity?

A

Low(<80% RH)

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17
Q

How do you prepare the house for chickens?

A

thoroughly disinfect and clean annually, clean feeding system between flocks, disinfect water system between flocks, and try to replace litter between every flock.

18
Q

How much litter should be on the ground?

A

3-4”

19
Q

what does litter help do?

A

reduce moisture, promotes drying, dilutes fecal material, insulates chicks and provides cushion

20
Q

can litter be treated to extend use?

A

yes, the use of sprays to reduce pH and ammonia release.

21
Q

What is one of the main things to manage when brooding?

A

temperature control

22
Q

what the types of heaters used and how do they supply heat?

A

traditional “pancake” brooder (gas fired, area heater, no outside venting)

Radiant brooder(directs heat to floor)(optimal)

modern furnace type(gas fired, heats entire space)

23
Q

What is the optimum brooding temperature?

A

85-90 degrees F

24
Q

What kind of fuels are used during brooding?

A

Propane(most common), natural gas, electric hover, coal, oil, wood, motor oil(recycled)

25
Q

list the dangers of chilling.

A

smothering, lung damage, increased stress.

26
Q

what is one of the most dangerous pollutants in broiler houses?

A

Ammonia

27
Q

What is the level of ammonia that can cause eye inflammation in chickens?

A

50 ppm

28
Q

T or F/ When levels of ammonia reach >5 ppm humans can detect the smell but the levels are already injuring chickens respiratory systems.

A

True

29
Q

What is the second most common environmental pollutant in chicken houses?

A

CO2

30
Q

What is the recommended air flow for fresh air used to reduce air pollutants?

A

500-100 cubic feet/minute

31
Q

what is the recommended relative humidity for brooding?

A

50-60%

32
Q

what problems can arise from damp litter?

A

coccidiosis, mold growth, skin irritations, increased ammonia.

33
Q

what is the most popular delivery method for water to young chicks?

A

nipple drinkers

34
Q

how many chicks per drinker?

A

13-15

35
Q

how often should drinker levels be adjusted?

A

as often as needed to allow birds to get water.

36
Q

how should water pressure be adjusted according to birds age?

A

proportionally, as bird gets older pressure goes up.

37
Q

what are some additions that can be added to bird’s water?

A

medications, vaccines, vitamins, and electrolytes.

38
Q

when brooding how many chicks per feeding pan?

A

25-30

39
Q

how many feed silos per house?

A

2

40
Q

how many hours before slaughter should you remove feed?

A

10 hours

Poultry (6 decks)

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