ppt 1

Question 1

the study of compounds that contain the
element carbon

Answer 1

Organic chemistry

Question 2

some common products of organic chemistry used in medicine

Answer 2

oral contraceptives
plastic syringes
antibiotics
synthetic heart valves

Question 3

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Formerly considered as compounds that are ___________
Formerly considered as compounds that are ___________

Answer 3

• derived from living things
• impossible to synthesize

Question 4

who produced urea — a compound known to be excreted by mammals — by
heating ammonium cyanate, an inorganic mineral.

Answer 4

Friedrich Wöhler

Question 5

structure of ammonium cynate (inorganic mineral)

Answer 5

NH4OCN

Question 6

structure of urea (organic compound)

Answer 6

NH2CONH2

Question 7

PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Answer 7

1.) All organic compounds contain carbon atoms and most contain hydrogen atoms. Exceptions: carbonate, carbide, CO, CO2, cyanide, thiocyanate

2.) Carbon forms single, double, and triple bonds to other carbon atoms. Catenation: the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains.

3.) Some compounds have chains of atoms and some compounds have rings.

4.) Organic compounds may also contain elements other than carbon and hydrogen. Any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen is called a heteroatom. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I).

Question 8

the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains

Answer 8

Catenation

Question 9

Any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen
is called a

Answer 9

heteroatom

(F, Cl, Br, I)
Nitrogen & Oxygen

Question 10

WHY ARE THERE MANY ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS?

Answer 10

Carbon forms four strong bonds with itself and other elements.

Carbon atoms combine together to form rings and chains.

Question 11

bonding within molecules
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 11

covalent, often ionic

Question 12

forces between molecules
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 12

generally weak, quite strong

Question 13

normal physical state
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 13

gases, liquids, or low-melting point solids

usually high melting point solids

Question 14

flammability
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 14

often flammable, usually non-flammable

Question 15

solubility in water
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 15

often low, often high

Question 16

conductivity of water solutions
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 16

nonconductor, conductor

Question 17

rate of chemical reactions
organic & inorganic compounds

Answer 17

usually low, usually fast

Question 18

an atom or group of atoms with characteristic chemical and physical properties

Answer 18

functional group

Question 19

contains a heteroatom, a multiple bond, or sometimes both

Answer 19

functional group

Question 20

provides structure

Answer 20

carbon frame

Question 21

imparts reactivity

Answer 21

functional group

Question 22

3 types of functional groups

Answer 22

hydrocarbons

compounds with a single bond to a heteroatom

compounds with a C=O atom (carbonyl group)

Question 23

have only C-C bonds and no functional group

Answer 23

alkanes (ethane)

Question 24

have only C-C double bonds as their functional group

Answer 24

alkenes (ethylene)

Question 25

have only C-C triple bonds as their functional group

Answer 25

alkynes (ethyne or acetylene)

Question 26

contain a benzene ring, a six-membered ring with three double bonds

Answer 26

aromatic hydrocarbons

Question 28

All organic compounds contain carbon atoms and most contain
hydrogen atoms. Carbon always forms four covalent bonds, and
hydrogen forms one covalent bond.

What are the exceptions?

Answer 28

Carbonate, carbide, CO, CO2, cyanide, thiocyanate