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Prudent use of Antimicrobials > PPQ > Flashcards

PPQ Flashcards

1
Q

Enrofloxacin belongs to

A

AMEG B

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2
Q

for how long should a valid veterinary prescription for antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products from the date of issue, according to the new EU regulation on verterinary medicines

A

5 days

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3
Q

gentamicin belongs to

A

AMEG C

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4
Q

how did the veterinary antimicrobial consumption change during the last 5 years in the EU

A

decreased

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5
Q

how would you describe the pharmacokinetic properties of colistin and gentamicin

A

adsorption of colistin and gentamicin are very slow from the GI tract

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6
Q

ornithobacterium rhinotracheal is frequently resistant to this antibiotic

A

tylosin and dirofloxacin

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7
Q

systemic treatment is needed in this case of otitis

A

suppurative otitis externa

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8
Q

the agent is effective against actinobacillus suis and mycoplasma hypopneumoniae in swine

A

enrofloxacin IM, Tulathromycin IM, and lincomycin-spectinomycin combination IM

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9
Q

this drug can be used for the treatment of foot rotm as it is active against anaerobic bacteria and its penetration is good

A

florfenicol and amoxicillin

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10
Q

this drug can effectively be used in cystitis in dogs if its caused by enterococci or lactamase producing e. coli

A

amoxicillin clavulanic acid and amoxicillin

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11
Q

this drug is authorised for poultry and can be effective against fowl cholera

A

amoxicillin

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12
Q

this drug is authorised in poultry and can be effective against ulcerative enteritis

A

phenoxymethylpenicillin

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13
Q

what is the route of admin for gamithromycin in swine

A

IM

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14
Q

which agent would be first line choice in chronic pharyngitis in dogs

A

Azithromycin

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15
Q

which drug belongs to the first line systemic treatments for canine pyoderma

A

cefalexin

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16
Q

which drug can be used for systemic treatment of MRSP pyoderma in dogs

A

rifampicin

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17
Q

which of the following bacteria can cause polyserositis of swine

A

streptococcus suis

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18
Q

which parameter is pharmacokinetic

A

Cmax

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19
Q

Zinc sulphate can be used topically to treat

A

interdigital dermatitis

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20
Q

‘single shot’ antiobiotics can be used against

A

BRDC

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21
Q

It is inevitable to remember the pharmacodynamic properties of certain antimicrobials to be able to reduce the spreading of resistance. Based on this knowledge macrolide antibiotics are advised to use in high dosages for short period of time

A

false

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22
Q

tulathromycin can reach effective concentration in lung and this concentration persist in lung until one week

A

true

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23
Q

Enrofloxacin is excellent in the treatment of pneumonia caused by gram negative fastidious pathogens in swine, and it is outstanding activity against Mycoplasma species.

A

true

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24
Q

Amoxicillin is authorised only for intramuscular administration in both swine and cattle.

A

false

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25
Q

As of February 2022, the prophylactic used of antimicrobials will be limited to the individual treatment of animals.

A

false

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26
Q

most common form of antiobiotics used by veterinarians is a solution and premix

A

true

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27
Q

the spread of antimicrobial resistance can be slowd down

A

true

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28
Q

From 2022, when antibiotics are added to feed, the duration of prophylactic treatment must not exceed two weeks.

A

false

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29
Q

The efficacy of oral chlortetracycline against mycoplasmas in poultry species is uncertain due to poor absorption.

A

false

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30
Q

in poultry species, tilmicosin may be most effective in treating diseases caused by spirochaete spp

A

false

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31
Q

Oral sulphonamide-trimethoprim combinations are particularly effective against mycoplasmas in poultry species.

A

false

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32
Q

The PK/PD analysis is (AUC/MIC model) helps estimate the degree of spreading antimicrobial resistance. The higher the ratio the higher the chance is for selection of mutant bacteria resistant to the given antimicrobial agent.

A

false

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33
Q

Perform a PK/PD analysis

A
  • Cmax/MIC in case of conc dependant (MIC has to be 8-10X higher than Cmax to achieve optimum killing speed) → plasma / tissue conc have to be 10X higher than MIC for perfect efficacy
  • PK analysis (liquor, lung, intestines, synovial fluid) published data -> compare drug conc at site of infection with MIC
  • PD MIC determination more useful (drug resistant or susceptible but give you conc which can be compare with online data in diff tissues)
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34
Q

Acquired resistance to fluoroquinolone in pathogenic bacteria develops gradually and, in several stages, only after several weeks of treatment.

A

false

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35
Q

It is proven, that animal products can transfer antimicrobial resistance to people, the most important and versatile vector of it is the E. coli.

A

true

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36
Q

In case of time dependent bactericidal antibiotics their maximum concentration should be at least six times higher in the treated compartment than the MIC volume of the given antibiotic agent for the given infectious bacterium isolate.

A

false

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37
Q

Multiple causes can be present in the background of BRDS, while the treatment of which the bacterial resistance is rare. Most of the empirically suitable antibiotics can treat the disease in case of P. Multocida, M. Haemolytica and M. Boris infectious background as well.

A

false

38
Q

In case of bovine P. Multocida respiratory disease the MIC value for ceftiofur is 0.004 mg/𝞵l. The concentration reached in the PELF, in the blood and in the pulmonary interstitial fluid is higher than the MIC value for more than 8 days. This means a correct drug choice for the treatment of the infectious disease.

A

true

39
Q

In case of ruminant Porphyromonas levii interdigital dermatitis, although the substance can be present at the site of infection in high concentrations, using tetracycline locally is not advised due to the bacterial resistance against the substance.

A

false

40
Q

The treatment of calf E. Coli diarrhoea depends on the severity of the animal, in case of lack of systemic symptoms the usage of antibiotic agents is not advised, fluid and electrolyte therapy are recommended.

A

true

41
Q

For the treatment of Escherichia coli diarrhoea in weaned piglets, enrofloxacin is the best choice, taking into account pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, antibiotic susceptibility and public health considerations

A

false

42
Q

target receptor of amitraz

A

Octopamine rc

43
Q

topically for canine pyoderma

A

neomycin

44
Q

side effects of florphenicol

A

NOT KCS or anaemia- (chloramphenicol)

45
Q

Which statement is true about the following sentence? Using systemic treatment is not needed in cases of intertrigo, because bacteria cannot reach deeper part of the skin in this dx

A

whole statement is true

46
Q

general indication for AB

A

the product is indicated for several bacteria which are listed in the indication

47
Q

NOT authorised for poultry in the EU

A

Chloramphenicol, gentamycin

YES: tiamulin, Tylvalosin, phenoxymethylpenicillin

48
Q

Which statement is true about the following sentence? Susceptibility testing should always be performed before treating folliculitis, because bacterial susceptibility is difficult to estimate in case of deep pyodermas

A

whole sentence is false

49
Q

this drug is very effective against fastidious bacteria and mycoplasmae as well and has excellent distribution

A

both of them = enrofloxacin and tulathromycin

50
Q

which statement is true about foot root disease in ruminants

A

Interdigital dermatitis can be treated with tetracycline spray, because high, effective concentration can be reached with topical treatment at the site of infection

51
Q

This drug can be used for the treatment of foot rot,as it is active against anaerobic bacteria and its penetration is good.

A

tulathromycin

52
Q

“In PK/PD analysis for the treatment of respiratory infections,bacteria’s MIC value should be compared to the drug’s concentration in the…

A

all of them: blood plasma, urine, PELF= Pulmonary epithelial lining fluid

53
Q

administration of colistin swine

A

Both of them= IM and PO= parenteral

54
Q

in poultry, e.coli can cause

A

both of them: CRD + septicaemia also: granulomatosis + arthritis

55
Q

which statement is true about BRDC

A

Fastidious organisms are the most frequent bacteria present. Luckily,resistance is usually low in them to most antibiotics.

56
Q

single shot AB good for

A

None? = GI and foot infection

good for respiratory diseases

57
Q

lincomycin in swine

A

Both PO and IM

58
Q

Amox + claavulinic acid in swine

A

both: oral and parenterally

59
Q

resistance rates are worse in this species

A

poultry

60
Q

brachyspira hyodsentry what antibiotic can be used

A

tyvalosin

61
Q

what is the pharmacodynamic? Cmax/MIC/both/none

A

Both

62
Q

amoxicilin can be used against clostridia perfringens C,E. rhusiopathiae, streptocouss

A

all 3

63
Q

antimicrobial resistance cannot be slowed down

A

false

64
Q

mastitis good general condition, treat with intramammary infusion

A

true

65
Q

most common form of use of medicine by vet injection

A

false premix + oral powder

66
Q

plasmid e.coli strain in poultry

A

false (pigs)

67
Q

as of February 2022, prophylaxis use is not allowed

A

false

68
Q

antimicrobial in feed no longer than 2 weeks

A

false- 5 days for antimicrobials and 2 weeks for AB and 1 month for when not specified on the veterinary product

69
Q

in ruminants fusobacterium necrophorum locally is good but systemically treatment with amoxicillin clavulanic IV

A

false- lincomycin, tulathromycin and fluorophenol

70
Q

which drug can be found in high concentrations in macrophages

A

macrolides

71
Q

disc diffusion method something about it cannot be used in PK/PD method

A

performing AB susceptibility

72
Q

Bovine respiratory disease complex, M. Bovis hard to eradicate and treat, 3 drugs tulathromycin, Gamithromycin and enrofloxacin. Can be used for treatment?

A

true

73
Q

what is florfenicol

A

AMEG C

74
Q

what is marbofloxacin

A

AMEG B

75
Q

colistin should be decreased by 95% in coming years

A

False 65%

76
Q

question about metaphylaxis/prophylaxis allowed under current rules: food producing, small, allowed or not

A

allowed

77
Q

use of fluorquinolones is prohibited in poultry

A

false (resistant though)

78
Q

single shot of AB can be used against: GI, foot rot, both, none

A

NOT: GI, skin, mastitis
YES: respiratory

79
Q

what drug is used in canine pyoderma: cefovecin, amoxicillin, both, none

A

both

80
Q

gentamicin + colistin

A

absorption of colistin + gentamycin is very low from GI tract

81
Q

AM consumption

A

decreased

82
Q

PQ vet prescription

A

5 days

83
Q

concentration dependent bactericidal max conc. should be 6 times higher

A

false

84
Q

how would you determine conc in pneumonia with AB spectrum: PELF, blood plasma, urine, all 3

A

PELF

85
Q

e. coli in calves AB susceptibility- faecal sample, severe cases blood test

A

true

86
Q

MRSA know which systemic and which is topical

A

Local: mupirocin, Fusidic acid
Systemic: rifampicin, amikacin, florfenicol, chloramphenicol

87
Q

tylvasin belongs to

A

macrolides

88
Q

ceftiofur belongs to

A

3rd generation cephalosporin (beta-lactamase AB/ time dep bactericidal/ inhibition of cell wall synthesis)

89
Q

severe mastitis

A

IV: flouroquinolones (marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin), tetracyclines, potentiated sulphonamides

90
Q

can you use colistin in poultry

A

yes

91
Q

how to tx a cow in drying off stage if no mastitis present

A

SCC is normal then give a bismuth seal (into teat canal) with combination of disenfection

92
Q

should CIA drugs only be used in emergency/severe circumstances?

A

yes they are used as a last resort

Prudent use of Antimicrobials (4 decks)

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