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Pathomorph - CREDIT 2 > PP - Pathology history continues > Flashcards

PP - Pathology history continues Flashcards

1
Q

Leonardo di ser Piero da Cinci

A

-described as the archetype of the Renaissance Man; a man on multiple activity and inventive imagination

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2
Q

Pathology def:

A

the study of disease

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3
Q

What is regressive lesions?

A
  • changes in the structure of normally developed cells, tissues or organs, which usually interfere with their function
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4
Q

Cellular adaptation to injury:

A
  • atrophy
  • intracellular adaptations (degeneration)
  • cell death (necrosis)
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5
Q

Regressive lesions:

A
  • cellular adaptation to injury

- inborn abnormalities

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6
Q

Developmental abnormalities (organ-specific malformations)

A
  • aganesia (a lack of organ anlage)
  • aplasia
  • hypoplasia (incomplete development)
  • atresia (complete failure of development of the intestinal/ duct lumen)
  • double organs
  • ectopy (abnormally located tissue)
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7
Q

Hypoplasia def:

A

incomplete development

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8
Q

Atresia def:

A

complete failure of development of the intestinal/ duct lumen

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9
Q

Ectopy def:

A
  • abnormally located tissue

- organ parenchyma located outside of the normal anatomic location

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10
Q

Aganesia def:

A

a lack of organ anlage

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11
Q

What is duodenal atresia associated with?

A

Down´s syndrome or other anomalities

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12
Q

When do ppl get atresia?

A
  • it presents early in life with vomiting

- treated surgically

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13
Q

Give example of double organs:

A

ureteral duplication

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14
Q

Ectopy ang.:

A
  • aberrant pancreas
  • accessory pancreas
  • ectopic pancreas
  • pancreatic rest
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15
Q

What did Heinrich do?

A

he histologically classified heterotropic pancreatic tissue

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16
Q

What is the histological classification of heterotropic pancreatic tissue?

A
  • Type I
  • Type II
  • Type III
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17
Q 
Type I 
(classification of heterotropic pancreatic tissue)
A

normal pancreatic tissue (preserved lobular structure, visible islets and pancreatic ducts)

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18
Q 
Type II
(classification of heterotropic pancreatic tissue)
A

abnormal structure, no islets

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19
Q 
Type III
(classification of heterotropic pancreatic tissue)
A

lesion composed only of pancreatic ducts

20
Q

Degeneration =

A

accumulation
- intra- or extracellular accumulation of substances which under normal condition are there in small quantities or are absent

21
Q

In what cases can we see accumulation of water?

A

tubular epithelial vacuolar change, kidney (enlargement of the reticulum)

  • hypokalemia
  • ischemia
  • dextran and mannitol administration
  • post IV pyelogram studies
22
Q

Protein degeneration:

A
  • intracellular protein degeneration

- extracelular

23
Q

Intracellular protein degeneration:

A

hyalin degeneration - Mallory bodies (“alcoholic hyalin”)- aggregated intermediate filaments in hepatocytes

24
Q

Extracellular (protein degeneration):

A
  • collagen degeneration

- amyloidosis

25
Q

Amyloidosis:

A
  • an extracellular deposition of characteristic proteins that may occur in localized or systemic manner, as interstitial, insoluble fibrils
  • progressively accumulates and produces pressure atrophy of adjacent cells
26
Q

With what is amyloidosis stained?

A

iodide, is also used to indicate starch

27
Q

Who urged the students to think microscopically?

A

Rudolf Virchow

28
Q

Who is the father of pathology?

A

Rudolf Virchow

29
Q

Who showed that disease were due to lesions in organs?

A

Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1761)

30
Q

Who demonstrated that the body was made up of 21 different kinds of tissues?

A

Xavier Bichat (around 1800)

31
Q

Who postulated that every cell originated from a preexisting cell (Omnis cellula e cellula)?

A

Rudolf Virchow

32
Q

Who said “Omnis cellula e cellula”?

A

Rudolf Virchow

33
Q

What did ppl believe about diseases until the 18th century?

A
  • that they were supposed to be due to an imbalance of the four fluid humours of the body (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile):
  • “humoral pathology” which dated back to the Greeks.
34
Q

Who demonstrated that masses in the blood vessels resulted from “thrombosis” (his term) and that portions of a thrombus could become detached to form an “embolus” (also his term)?

A

Rudolf Virchow

35
Q

What is Virchow´s triad about?

A

3 groups of factors contributing toward venus thrombus formation

36
Q

Virchow´s triad:

A
  • stasis
  • vessel wall injury
  • hypercoagulability
37
Q

Who is the first one to be cited to recognize leukemia?

A

Rudolf Virchow

38
Q

Virchow´s node:

A

the presence of metastatic cancer in a lymph node in the left supraclavicular fossa

39
Q

the presence of metastatic cancer in a lymph node in the left supraclavicular fossa……

A

Virchow´s node

40
Q

Who discovered the site of Troy?

A

Virchow and Heinrich Schliemann (1874)

41
Q

How was Virchow´s method of autopsy?

A

each organ is taken out one by one

42
Q

Letulle´s method of autopsy:

A

the organs are taken out en block (all at once)

43
Q

Rokitansky´s method of autopsy:

A

where the organs are examinated in situ (in the original place)

44
Q

Ghon´s method of autopsy:

A

the organs are taken out in three separate blocks

45
Q

What other things did Virchow do?

A
  • shed new light on the process of inflammation, though he rejected the possibility of migration of the leukocytes
  • described fatty degeneration
  • introduced the modern conception of amyloid (starchy) degeneration
46
Q

Amyloidsosi detection:

A
  • red with Congo red stain

- exhibit an apple green birefringence with polarized light

47
Q

READ INTRODUCTION PP FROM THE FIRST CREDIT -_-

A

SAME AS THE INTRO FOR SECOND CREDIT -_-

Pathomorph - CREDIT 2 (9 decks)

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