Powerpoint Chapter 8

Question 1

segments of DNA that code for proteins

Answer 1

Genes

Question 2

Single, circular chromosomes

Answer 2

Prokaryotes

Question 3

Linear chromosomes

Answer 3

Eukaryotes

Question 4

Human cells have _____ chromosomes.

Answer 4

46

Question 5

Genetic Diversity: about ________ different combinations of chromosomes are possible.

Answer 5

8 million

Question 6

Produces more diversity

Answer 6

Random fertilization

Question 7

8 million x 8 million =

Answer 7

64 trillion possibilities

Question 8

The first genetic scientist; accurately described simple rules of inheritance

Answer 8

Gregor Mendel

Question 9

Controlled mating between pea plants

Answer 9

Gregor Mendel

Question 10

Described patterns of inheritance for traits from single genes with a few alleles

Answer 10

Gregor Mendel

Question 11

Mendelian principles also apply to many genetic diseases in humans.

Answer 11

Gregor Mendel

Question 12

Physical traits of an individual

Answer 12

Phenotypes

Question 13

Genetic composition of an individual; describes alleles

Answer 13

Genotype

Question 14

homozygote carries two copies of the same allele

Answer 14

Homozygous

Question 15

heterozygote carries two different alleles for a gene

Answer 15

Heterozygous

Question 16

the phenotype of an allele is seen only when homozygous

Answer 16

Recessive

Question 17

the phenotype is seen when homozygous or heterozygous

Answer 17

Dominant

Question 18

a recessive genetic disease

Answer 18

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 19

defect in chloride ion transport in the lungs

Answer 19

cystic fibrosis

Question 20

produces thick mucus and lung deterioration

Answer 20

cystic fibrosis

Question 21

dramatically shortened lifespans due to cystic fibrosis

Answer 21

true

Question 22

Heterozygotes (carries) do not show the symptoms for cystic fibrosis.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Most common recessive disease among europeans

Answer 23

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 24

A dominant human genetic disease

Answer 24

Huntington’s disease

Question 25

Progressive and incurable

Answer 25

Huntington’s disease

Question 26

Symptoms appear in middle age for Huntington’s disease

Answer 26

true

Question 27

Nervous, mental, and muscular symptoms continue to worsen resulting in ______.

Answer 27

death

Question 28

Mutant protein kills nerve cells by forming clumps inside the nuclei. (Huntington’s Disease)

Answer 28

True

Question 29

having a normal allele does not compensate. (Huntington’s disease)

Answer 29

True