Book 8.2

Question 1

the genetic composition of an individual

Answer 1

genotype

Question 2

physical traits

Answer 2

Phenotype

Question 3

An individual who carries two different alleles for a gene has a _________ genotype.

Answer 3

Heterozygous

Question 4

An individual who carries two copies of the same allele has a ________ genotype

Answer 4

homozygous

Question 5

Some alleles are ______, meaning that their effects can only be seen if a copy of a dominant allele is not present.

Answer 5

Recessive

Question 6

________ alleles are so named because their effects are seen even when a recessive allele is present.

Answer 6

Dominant

Question 7

Heterozygotes for a recessive disease are called ______ because even though they are unaffected, these individuals can pass the trait to the next generation.

Answer 7

carriers

Question 8

The combination of alleles an individual possesses is referred to as his or her _______, whereas his or her outward appearance or function resulting from genetic composition is called his or her _______.

Answer 8

Genotype

Phenotype

Question 9

An allele that is expressed even when an individual carries only one copy is referred to as ________.

Answer 9

Dominant

Question 10

An individual who carries two heterozygotes, an offspring carrying two different alleles for the same gene is referred to as a ______ for that gene.

Answer 10

heterozygote