Powerplant Chapter 06 Flashcards

Exhaust Systems

0
Q

Name two types of reciprocating engine exhaust systems.

A

The short stack and the collector system.

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1
Q

What is the purpose of the exhaust system?

A

To remove high temperature noxious gases.

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2
Q

What drawback in using collector-type exhaust systems is more than offset when used on turbocharged engines?

A

The loss of horsepower due to exhaust system back pressure.

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3
Q

What could result if the internal baffles or diffusers in an exhaust system fail?

A

The flow of the exhaust gases could be restricted, resulting in a loss of engine power.

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4
Q

What type of exhaust system is used on turbocharged engines?

A

The collector system.

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5
Q

What kind of material is normally used to make the muffler shrouds found in the exhaust system?

A

Stainless steel.

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6
Q

How do you inspect the internal baffles and diffusers of an exhaust system?

A

By disassembling the exhaust system as necessary and visually inspecting the components.

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7
Q

Why is an exhaust system failure considered a severe hazard?

A

It can result in carbon monoxide poisoning, loss of engine power, or fire.

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8
Q

What would happen if lead, zinc, or galvanized marks are made on an exhaust system?

A

They cause a change in molecular structure, which could result in cracks when heated.

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9
Q

What happens if the heat exchanger leaks exhaust gases into the induction system?

A

There is a loss of engine power.

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10
Q

What is an indication of an exhaust gas leak?

A

A flat grey or sooty black deposit in the area of the leak.

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11
Q

Where are the most common places to find cracks in an exhaust system?

A

At welded or clamped areas and at the flanges.

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12
Q

What is a common cause of turbocharger waste gate sticking?

A

Coke deposits or carbon buildup.

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13
Q

Why are turbocharger exhaust system leaks very damaging at high altitudes?

A

Pressure differential will cause the leak to escape with torch-like intensity.

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14
Q

What are exhaust system coke deposits?

A

Excessive carbon buildup.

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15
Q

What is the result of changing the exhaust nozzle area of a turbine engine?

A

The engine’s performance and exhaust gas temperature change.

16
Q

Name the components of a typical turbine exhaust nozzle?

A

The tail cone, exhaust ducts and support struts.

17
Q

What is the purpose of thrust reversers?

A

They help decelerate an aircraft after landing.

18
Q

How does a noise suppressor found on older turbojet engines work?

A

It converts low-frequency sound, which is audible over great distance, into high-frequency sound, thus reducing the sound footprint.

19
Q

What are the two most commonly used types of thrust reversers?

A

The clamshell (or mechanically blocked) and the Cascade (or aerodynamically blocked).

20
Q

How much thrust do the thrust reversers produce compared to the engines full forward thrust?

A

Substantially less.

21
Q

What are the hazards of operating some thrust reversers at low ground speeds?

A

Ingestion of foreign objects stirred up by the exhaust gases and re-ingestion of hot exhaust gases.