Powerplant Chapter 05 Flashcards

Induction Systems

0
Q

What could happen if the induction system becomes obstructed?

A

The engine may not be able to produce its rated power or it may not run at all. This may also be an indication of a dirty air inlet filter.

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1
Q

Name the three components on the induction system of a reciprocating engine.

A

The air scoop, carburetor or fuel control, and the intake manifold.

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2
Q

How does induction icing affect engine performance?

A

It causes a reduction in power and possible erratic operation.

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4
Q

How is induction icing categorized?

A

As impact ice, fuel evaporation ice, and throttle ice.

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5
Q

What is the common method used to prevent induction system ice in a reciprocating engine?

A

Raise the temperature of induction air with a preheater.

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6
Q

What causes fuel evaporation ice?

A

Fuel evaporation ice is formed because of the decrease in air temperature resulting from evaporation of the fuel after it is introduced into the air stream.

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7
Q

What may be the indication of leaking intake pipes?

A

The engine runs rough at low r.p.m.

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8
Q

What happens to engine power when the carburetor heat is applied?

A

There is a noticeable drop in power.

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9
Q

What could happen if carburetor heat is applied at high engine power settings?

A

Detonation.

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10
Q

What are two types of supercharged induction systems?

A

Internally driven and externally driven.

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11
Q

How and at what point does an internally driven supercharger boost air pressure?

A

An (engine-driven) impeller compresses the fuel/air mixture after it leaves the carburetor.

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12
Q

What is used to power a turbocharger?

A

Engine exhaust gas directed onto the turbocharger turbine.

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13
Q

What could result if the waste gate on a turbocharger system does not close fully?

A

The engine may not be able to produce its rated power at certain altitudes, and the aircraft may not be capable of reaching critical altitude.

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14
Q

What function does a turbocharger waste gate perform?

A

It controls the amount of exhaust gas either into or around the turbocharger, thus controlling the boot pressure of the turbocharger.

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15
Q

What could cause a turbocharged engine to surge?

A

There could be a waste gate or controller malfunction.

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16
Q

What are the most common ways to control a waste gate?

A

Either mechanically with linkages to the throttle or a separate control, or by an actuator that is driven by oil pressure.

17
Q

In a pressurized reciprocating aircraft, what component in the turbocharger system is used to limit the amount of turbocharger airflow used for cabin pressurization?

A

The sonic venturi.

18
Q

What is the function of a divergent-shaped jet engine inlet during subsonic flight?

A

It causes the air velocity to decrease with a subsequent increase in air pressure.

19
Q

Where are bellmouth inlet ducts typically found?

A

On helicopter engines.

20
Q

How do venturi-type particle separators, found on many turbine powered helicopters, function?

A

A venturi is used to accelerate the flow of incoming air and debris through a curved intake. The debris gains too much inertia to allow it to follow the curved intake towards the engine, and is channeled away from the compressor.

21
Q

What are the most common methods used for anti-icing of turbine engine inlet ducts?

A

Engine bleed air and electric heating elements.

22
Q

Is carburetor throttle ice more likely to occur at a higher or lower power setting? Why?

A

At a lower power setting because the throttle is partly closed, offering a larger surface area for ice accumulation.