Power Plant Flashcards by Dwain Savage

What section of engine provides
air for Environmental Control
System (ECS), wing anti-icing,
nose cowl anti-icing and engine
internal cooling / sealing?

5TH & 8TH stage of the HP compressor
Ref: AOM 2A

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The parameter used to measure
forward thrust in primary control
mode is Engine Pressure Ratio
(EPR). How is it derived?

By forming ratio of outlet pressure to inlet pressure
Ref: AOM 2A

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What happens to engine during
water ingestion?

Bleed handling valves are commanded OPEN,
continuous ignition is selected ON automatically, and
engine idle speed is increased to ensure engine stability
and allow water to pass into bypass flow.
Ref: AOM 2A

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FADEC is normally powered by
its Permanent Magnetic Alternator
(PMA). What happens during
engine start or failure of PMA?

Alternate source of power is provided by aircraft 28V
DC essential power
Ref: AOM 2A

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What engines are on the G650

Rolls-Royce BR700x725
High bypass (4.4:1) turbo fans
16900lbs of thrust

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Primary function of Engine
Vibration Monitoring System
(EVMS) is to monitor the balance
of rotating assemblies in the
engine in order to detect possible
mechanical failure. How many sets
of probes are used?

Two (2) sets of probes (one primary and one secondary)
to measure amount of rotation on both LP and HP
rotating components
Ref: AOM 2A

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When should an engine be shut
down for abnormal EVM
indications?

If vibration is accompanied by other failure indications
Ref: AOM 2A

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When might vibrations exceed
alert levels and be considered
normal?

Icing conditions
Ref: AOM 2A

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At what altitude must the boost
pumps be operating to sustain
engine operation?

Above 20,000 feet
Ref: AOM 2A

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What’s the primary purpose of
Fuel Cooled Oil Cooler (FCOC)?

It enables engine oil to heat fuel and prevent formation
of ice crystals in LP filter and FMU. It also cools the oil.
Ref: AOM 2A

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Name four conditions required for
the heated fuel return system to
operate?

Not at high power setting, system is armed by selection of
FUEL RETURN switch to AUTO, fuel tank temperature
drops to approximately 0°C, and crossflow closed
Ref: AOM 2A

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At what fuel tank temperature does
heated fuel return system cease to
operate?

Approximately +10°C
Ref: AOM 2A

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What happens during engine
shutdown if capacity of drains tank
(environmental container) is
exceeded?

Fuel is dumped overboard
Ref: AOM 2A

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What three ways can be used to fill
the oil tank?

By conventional gravity filling, through remote
replenishing or pressure filling system for maintenance.
Ref: AOM 2A

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When does Fluid Quantity
Indicator (FQI) take a snap shot of
oil quantity and store it as a
historical reading?

Five (5) minutes after engine shutdown
Ref: AOM 2A

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How does FADEC alternate

channels for consecutive ground starts?

It changes channels every time you cycle FUEL
CONTROL switch and changes exciters/igniters every other time unless there’s a start anomaly.
Ref: AOM 2A

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True/False: When normal ground
start attempt is aborted due to
anomalies, FADEC automatically
selects the other igniter on the
following normal ground start
attempt.

True

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True/False: Ignition systems are
capable of being continuously
energized by pilot selection of
continuous ignition.

True. There’s no time limitation; however, continued or
very frequent use shortens igniter life.
Ref: AOM 2A

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Which type of engine start uses
just one igniter?

Normal ground start including crossbleed start and engine
start – battery power only.
Both igniters are used for alternate engine ground start and
all air starts as well as inclement weather mode, auto-
relight, and quick relight.
Ref: AOM 2A

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What happens when you select
MASTER START switch to ON?

It signals FADEC to arm the automatic start sequence
for start valve and ignition, opens isolation valve and
shuts off the right pack.
Ref: AOM 2A

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During engine start, when would
you expect Starter Air Valve
(SVO) and IGN icons to
extinguish?

Approximately 44% HP

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What’s the only time you’re fully
FADEC protected during an
engine start?

During normal start on ground using the MASTER
START switch
Ref: QRH

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What’s the caution associated with
opening the starter air valve
manually?

Wear high temperature protective gloves and exercise
caution
Ref: QRH

What is rotor bow?

It’s a phenomenon where LP and HP shafts warp or bow
due to uneven temperatures after shutdown.
Ref: AOM 2A

When would you expect FADEC to perform an automatic rotor bow avoidance procedure during engine start?

If engine has been shut down for more than twenty (20) minutes, but less than five (5) hours Ref: QRH

What would be the corrective action for an Autostart Abort?

Select associated FUEL CONTROL switch to OFF and select ENGINE START MASTER switch to OFF Ref: QRH

Alternate start mode is selected when MASTER CRANK switch is placed to ON. In this mode, what can the FADEC not command?

Ignition: the crew must manually select continuous ignition to ON Ref: QRH

What are the two sources of air for rotating the engine during airborne engine start?

Air from inside (i.e., from other engine or APU) or air from outside (i.e., Windmilling). Ref: QRH

Name the three (3) airstart procedures

Normal Airstart – Automatic, Manual Airstart – Starter-Assist Manual Airstart – Windmilling Ref: QRH

Which airstart method is preferred?

Normal Airstart – Automatic Ref: QRH

When using Normal Airstart – Automatic checklist, what does FADEC use to determine whether to assist with bleed air or windmill?

Airspeed (i.e., < 250 KCAS, the FADEC opens starter air valve and > 250 KCAS, starter air valve remains closed) Ref: QRH

Under what conditions would you use the Manual Airstart – | Windmilling procedure?

If starter was inoperative or in icing conditions Ref: QRH

What’s the auto-relight mode?

It’s automatically initiated by FADEC for engine flameout and rundown. In this mode, FADEC energizes both igniters continuously and schedules fuel flow until rpm stabilizes. Ref: AOM 2A

What’s the quick relight mode?

Provides a means of automatically relighting the engine if FUEL CONTROL switch is selected to OFF position and then reselected to RUN position within 30 seconds. When activated, fuel is commanded on and both ignition systems are switched ON. Ref: AOM 2A

How are the engines controlled and what are the benefits?

Engine control is achieved by dual channel Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system for improved handling, fuel efficiency and longer engine life. Ref: AOM 2A

Name the three (3) major components of the FADEC?

Electronic engine controller (EEC), data entry plug (DEP), and permanent magnetic alternator (PMA). Ref: AOM 2A

What are the requirements for engaging autothrottles on takeoff?

Valid EPR rating selected, valid speed target selected, and > 1.05 EPR Ref: AOM 2A

Why do autothrottles go into hold mode at 60 kts during takeoff?

Autothrottle servos are deenergized to prevent unwanted thrust reductions during critical takeoff between 60 kts airspeed, rotation and climbout to 400’ AGL. Ref: AOM 2A

When does autothrottle system come out of hold?

400’ AGL | Ref: AOM 2A

What affect does the hold mode have on rejected takeoff?

It allows you to abort with no friction on the throttles Ref: AOM 2A

What happens if you push TO/GA during a fully coupled two engine ILS approach?

Go-around is commanded (initial 9° pitch up and wings level), both autopilot and autothrottles remain engaged, power levers advance to go-around power, and FMS sequences to missed approach procedure. Ref: AOM 2A

How can autothrottles be disconnected?

Push either quick disconnect switch, toggle either engage/disengage button, or manually adjust the throttles. Ref: AOM 2A

How is the engine controlled in Alternate mode?

With LP | Ref: AOM 2A

Name the three idle settings.

Flight, approach (i.e., high idle), and low or ground idle Ref: AOM 2A

What’s the requirement for approach idle?

Flaps > 20°, aircraft in flight and no wheel spin-up Ref: AOM 2A

FADEC normally governs the engine power using EPR as primary control parameter; however, as an alternative, FADEC can also use LP fan speed as engine control parameter. What’s the changeover between these two modes of operation called?

A reversion | Ref: AOM 2A

What’s the difference between a soft and hard reversion?

A change to alternate control mode, which is initiated by FADEC, is known as soft reversion. A change initiated by pilot, through selections made on the SMC (Sensor page), is known as hard reversion. Ref: AOM 2A

What’s the downside to alternate control mode?

You lose FADEC protection, you lose autothrottles, and you can’t dispatch in alternate control. Ref: AOM 2A

At a given throttle position (other than idle), which engine would provide higher thrust: a hard reverted engine in alternate LP control mode or an engine in normal EPR control mode?

Hard reverted engine in alternate LP control mode would provide higher thrust Ref: AOM 2A

True/False: To prevent sudden changes in thrust from occurring when hard reverting the engine control mode, throttle lever should always be placed in mid position before selecting or de-selecting alternate control on SMC.

True

How would you describe thrust reverser operation?

Electrically controlled and hydraulically operated Ref: AOM 2A

When would thrust reversers be available after landing?

With wheel spin-up or weight-on-wheels Ref: AOM 2A

Were thrust reversers considered for landing distance certification?

Not on dry runways; they were considered for wet Ref: AFM Performance section

How is the engine controlled in reverse thrust region?

With LP

Describe thrust reverser indications.

White REV – unlocked Green REV – fully deployed (maximum reverse thrust available) Amber REV – uncommanded deployment on the ground: engine limited to idle Flashing red REV – deployment in flight: engine limited to idle Ref: AOM 2A

Can an inoperative reverser be locked out?

Yes