Power & Control Flashcards
1
Q
Hard vs Soft Power
A
- Power to: positive, resource possessed to achieve action
- Power over: negative, prohibitive, restriction of freedom
2
Q
What is power?
A
- Dahl (1957)
- Pettigrew (1979)
- Used to defeat and prevent conflict from originating
3
Q
Positional vs Personal power
A
- Positional: power invested in position (e.g. Legitimate)
- Personal: power held by individual (e.g. Referent)
4
Q
How lower level employees obtain power
A
- Ability to cope with uncertainty
- Others are dependent on them
- Irreplaceability
- Crucial for organization’s functioning
5
Q
Panopticon as a tool of power
A
Disciplinary power:
- Anticipated control leads to self-disciplining
• Modern examples: technology, appraisal systems
