power and conflict Flashcards

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1
Q

Ozymandias

A

“king of kings”

“nothing beside remains”

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2
Q

London

A

“chartered streets”

“mind-forged manacles”

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3
Q

Prelude

A

“led by her”

“huge peak, black and huge”

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4
Q

My Last Duchess

A

“she liked whatever she looked on, and her looks went everywhere”

“notice Neptune, though, taming a sea-horse”

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5
Q

The Charge of the Light Brigade

A

“half a league, half a league, half a league onward”

“noble six hundred”

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6
Q

Exposure

A

“merciless iced east winds that knive us”

“But nothing happens”

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7
Q

Storm on the Island

A

“like a tamed cat turned savage”

“bombarded by empty the air”

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8
Q

Bayonet Charge

A

“his terror’s touchy dynamite”

“suddenly he awoke and was running”

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9
Q

Remains

A

“I see every round as it rips through his life”

“his blood-shadow stays on the street”

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10
Q

Poppies

A

“gelled blackthorns of your hair”

“your playground voice catching on the wind”

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11
Q

War Photographer

A

“editor will pick out five or six for Sunday’s supplements”

“half-formed ghost”

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12
Q

Tissue

A

“raise a structure never meant to last”

“paper that lets the light shine through”

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13
Q

Emigrée

A

“branded by an impression of sunlight”

“time rolls it’s tanks”

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14
Q

Kamikaze

A

“full of powerful incantations”

“little fishing boats strung out like bunting”

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15
Q

Checking Out Me History

A

“Bandage… blind”

“dem tell me wha dem want to tell me”

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16
Q

“king of kings”

A

ozymandias

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17
Q

“nothing beside remains”

A

ozymandias

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18
Q

“chartered streets”

A

london

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19
Q

“mind-forged manacles”

A

london

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20
Q

“led by her”

A

prelude

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21
Q

“huge peak, black and huge”

A

prelude

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22
Q

“she liked whatever she looked on, and her looks went everywhere”

A

my last duchess

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23
Q

“Notice neptune, though, taming a sea-horse”

A

my last duchess

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24
Q

“half a league, half a league, half a league onward”

A

the charge of the light brigade

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25
Q

“Noble six hundred”

A

the charge of the light brigade

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26
Q

“merciless iced east winds that knive us”

A

exposure

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27
Q

“But nothing happens”

A

exposure

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28
Q

“like a tamed cat turned savage”

A

storm on the island

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29
Q

“bombarded by the empty air”

A

storm on the island

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30
Q

“his terror’s touchy dynamite”

A

bayonet charge

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31
Q

“suddenly he awoke and was running”

A

bayonet charge

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32
Q

“i see every round as it rips through his life”

A

remains

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33
Q

“his blood shadow stays on the street”

A

remains

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34
Q

“gelled blackthorns of your hair”

A

poppies

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35
Q

“your playground voice catching on the wind”

A

poppies

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36
Q

“editor will pick out five or six for Sunday’s supplement”

A

war photographer

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37
Q

“half-formed ghost”

A

war photographer

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38
Q

“raise a structure never to last”

A

tissue

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39
Q

“paper that lets the light shine through”

A

tissue

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40
Q

“branded by an impression of sunlight”

A

emigrée

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41
Q

“time rolls it’s tanks”

A

emigrée

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42
Q

“full of powerful incantations”

A

kamikaze

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43
Q

“little fishing boats strung out like bunting”

A

kamikaze

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44
Q

“bandage… blind”

A

checking out me history

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45
Q

“dem tell me wha dem want to tell me”

A

checking out me history

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46
Q

what is ozymandias about

A
  • narrator meets a traveller who talks about a statue in middle of the desert
  • statue of a king who rules over a past civilisation
  • face is proud and arrogantly boasts about his power shown in statue’s inscription
  • statue fallen down and crumbled away, only ruins remain
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47
Q

ozymandias: form

A
  • a sonnet poem but doesn’t follow regular sonnet rhyming scheme, reflects way human’s power can be destroyed
  • story shown in second hand perspective, distances reader from dead king
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48
Q

ozymandias: irony

A
  • nothing remains to show for the ruler’s arrogant boasting of great civilisation
  • ruined statue, a symbol for temporary power of humans and their achievements against power of nature
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49
Q

ozymandias: language of power

A
  • human power is limited and fragile towards the power of nature and power of time (ruined statue)
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50
Q

how does Ozymandias show Pride

A
  • ruler proud of what he’d achieved
  • called on other rulers to admire his works
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51
Q

how does Ozymandias show Arrogance

A
  • inscription shows ozymandias believed he was most power ruler in the world and felt no one could compete with him
  • believed he was better then those he ruled over
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52
Q

how does Ozymandias show Power

A
  • human civilisation and achievements are insignificant compared to passing of time and power of nature
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53
Q

analyse: “I met a traveller from an antique land”

A
  • shelley frames poem as a story to make clear that narrator hasn’t seen statue but only heard about it.
  • shows unimportance of ozymandias
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54
Q

analyse: “shatter’d visage”

A
  • shows irony
  • suggests even a power ruler can’t control damaging effects of time
  • power of nature
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55
Q

analyse: “king of kings”

A
  • emphasises arrogance and power
  • he challenged other rulers
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56
Q

analyse: “The hand that mock’d them”

A

“Mock” can mean to ridicule or create a likeness of something, perhaps the sculpture intended his statue to make fun of Ozymandias

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57
Q

analyse: “That colossal wreck”

A
  • ruined statue shows how human achievements are insignificant compared to passing of time
  • power of nature
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58
Q

analyse: “lone and level”

A
  • Alliteration
  • emphasises the feeling of empty space in the surrounding desert
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59
Q

analyse: “Boundless and bare”

A
  • desert is vast and survives far longer than the broken statue, emphasises insignificance of the statue and of Ozymandias
  • power of nature
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60
Q

what is london about

A
  • narrator describing walk around the city of london
  • everywhere he goes he meets people who have been affected by the misery and despair
  • misery seems relentless, no one can escape it. not even young and innocent
  • people in power are behind the problems, do nothing to help those in need
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61
Q

london: form

A
  • a dramatic monologue
  • narrator speaks passionately about suffering he sees
  • the ABAB rhyme scheme is unbroken, echo’s relentless misery of city
  • regular rhythm reflects sound of his feet as he trudges around
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62
Q

london: structure

A
  • narrator presents relentless images of downtrodden, deprived people
  • first two stanzas focus on people he sees and hears
  • stanza three focuses on institutions he holds responsible
  • final stanza focuses on people, show how babies are affected
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63
Q

london: rhetoric

A
  • uses powerful, emotive words and images to reinforce the horror of the situation
  • repetition used to emphasise number of people affected, also show how society needs to change
64
Q

london: use of senses

A
  • included depressing sights and sounds of city
  • first stanza, what he sees
  • second stanza, what he hears
  • last two stanzas combine the visual and aural
65
Q

london: contrasts

A

used to show how everything is affected and nothing pure or innocent remains

66
Q

how does London show Anger

A
  • use of emotive language and repetition
  • “every black’ning church” suggests he angry at people in power who could do something to change things but don’t
67
Q

how does London show Anger

A
  • “mind forged manacles” suggest that people have done this to themselves, trapped by their own actions
  • appear hopeless because they are not able or not even trying to help themselves
68
Q

analyse: “I wander”

A
  • personalises the poem and makes it seem more real
  • reflects that he feels powerless
69
Q

analyse: “each chartered street”

A

suggests every street is affected and not just one area

70
Q

analyse: “In every… In every… In every”

A
  • repetition emphasises feeling of bleakness
  • despair affects everyone and there’s no relief from it
71
Q

analyse: “mind-forged manacles”

A

people are trapped, by thoughts and attitudes

72
Q

analyse: “infant’s cry of fear”

A

speaker hears distressing noises which make this place seem like a hellish experience

73
Q

analyse: “how the chimney-sweeper’s cry”

A

we’re usually young boys, emotive image of child labour

74
Q

analyse: “Runs in blood down palace walls”

A

ordinary people suffer while those in palace are protected behind walls

75
Q

analyse: “marriage hearse”

A
  • oxymoron
  • links happy image of marriage with death
  • suggests everything has been destroyed
76
Q

what is The Prelude about

A
  • begins when narrator find a boat tied to a tree and takes it out onto lake
  • initially narrator seems happy and confident, describes a beautiful scene.
  • mountain appears and narrator is afraid of its size and power
  • turns boat around and goes home, but view of nature has changed
77
Q

The Prelude: Form

A
  • first person narrative
  • personal and describes turning point in poets life
  • use of blank verse makes it sound serious and important
  • regular rhythm makes it sound like nature speech
78
Q

The Prelude: Structure

A
  • first section, tone fairly light and carefree
  • distinct change when mountain appears, tone becomes darker and more fearful
  • final section narrator reflects on how the experience changed him
79
Q

The Prelude: Beautiful Language

A

poem begins with a series of pretty, pastoral images of nature

80
Q

The Prelude: Confident Language

A
  • narrator appears sure of hime self at first, alr mot arrogant in his view of himself and his place in the world
  • gives impression of feeling powerful
81
Q

The Prelude: Dramatic Language

A
  • initial glimpses of threatening language becomes more intense after mountain appear
  • narrator comes to understand how powerful nature is
82
Q

The Prelude: Fearful Language

A
  • narrator is far less confident at end of extract
  • troubled by glimpses of nature he has seen
  • experience has a lasting, haunting effect on him
83
Q

how does the Prelude show Confidence

A
  • narrator feels comfortable and in control at start
  • changes and confidence in himself and the world around him fades
84
Q

how does the Prelude show Fear

A
  • nature shown to be more powerful than a human being
  • narrator left with feeling of awe and respect for nature but also very scared by it
85
Q

how does the Prelude show Reflection

A
  • poem ended with narrator reflecting on how he has been changed by this event
  • thoughts and dreams, troubled by his experience
86
Q

analyse: “(led by her)”

A
  • personification
  • nature is already in control of him, shows infinitive power
87
Q

analyse: “a little boat tied to a willow tree”

A

happy, rural image

88
Q

analyse: “ act of stealth… troubles pleasure”

A
  • oxymoron
  • hints narrators guilt and that he knows he’s doing something wrong
89
Q

analyse: “Upreared it’s head”

A
  • personification
  • ugly image
  • contrasts with beautiful images before
90
Q

analyse: “trouble to my dreams”

A
  • unsettling image, helps us to emphasise with him
  • hug contrast to the tone and mood at the start
91
Q

analyse: “in grave”

A
  • event has big impact on him
  • connotations with deat which is very serious
  • reminds him of his own mortality
92
Q

analyse: “no pleasant images of greets, of sea or sky”

A

narrator no longer thinks of nature in terms of pretty images

93
Q

what is MLD about

A
  • Duke proudly shows visitor painting of wife
  • wife treated him like anyone else, which angered him
  • acted to stop the wife’s flirtatious behaviour, doesn’t say but hints of murdering her
  • Duke and guests walk away from painting, reader discovers visitor coke to arrange next marriage
94
Q

MLD: Form

A
  • a dramatic monologue written in iambic pentameter, reinforces the impression that Duke is in conversation with visitor
  • rhyming couplets show the Duke’s desire for control
  • enjambment suggests he gets carried away by his anger and passions
  • creates picture of unstable character, obsessions with power is unsettling
95
Q

MLD: Structure

A
  • poem framed by visit of Duke’s gallery
  • distracted by talking about Duchess instead of art
  • poem builds to a confession before visitor’s identity is revealed and the Duke moves on to talk about other art
96
Q

MLD: Power and Objectification

A
  • Duke felt need to have power and control over Duchess
  • saw her as another possession to be collected and admired just like his other expensive art
97
Q

MLD: Dramatic Irony

A
  • things Duke says about Duchess seem innocent, but often have more sinister meaning for reader
  • gap between what Duke tells listener, and what poet allows us to read between the lines
98
Q

MLD: Status

A
  • really important to the Duke
  • cares about how others see him
99
Q

how does MLD show Pride

A

very proud of his possessions and his status

100
Q

how does MLD show Jealousy

A

he couldn’t stand that the Duchess treated him the same as everyone else

101
Q

how does MLD show Power

A
  • he enjoys control that he has over the painting
  • he didn’t have power over Duchess when she was alive
102
Q

analyse: “my last Duchess painted on the wall”

A
  • sounds as if he controls her and not just the picture
  • she has no control now
103
Q

analyse: “Will’t please you sit and look at her?”

A
  • sounds polite but is actually quite forceful
  • shoes he wants and needs the control of the full room
104
Q

analyse: “none puts by the curtain I have drawn for you, but I”

A

he controls he looks at her now, because he couldn’t when she was alive

105
Q

analyse; “The bough of cherries some official fool
Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule”

A

the enjambment makes it sound as if he’s getting carried away by his anger

106
Q

analyse: “I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together”

A
  • emphasises the wife’s murder
  • how he was in control and killed her
  • “ I gave commands” very cold and cynical
107
Q

analyse: “Notice Neptune, though, taming a sea-horse, thought a rarity”

A
  • returns to the subject of his art collection, emphasises power and wealth
  • poem is a warning on how his next wife should act and behave
108
Q

what is CotLB about

A
  • describes a disastrous battle between British cavalry and Russian forces during Crimean War
  • a misunderstanding meant that soldiers ordered to advance into valley surrounded by enemy soldiers
  • russian had guns while british had swords, british defenceless, many killed
109
Q

CotLB- Form

A
  • narrated 3rd person, seems like story
  • regular rhythm creates a fast pace, cavalry’s advance
  • rhyming couplets and triplets drive poem, momentum broke by unrhymed lines, mirror horses stumbling, soldiers falling
  • overall lack of rhyme scheme hints at chaos of war
110
Q

CotLb- Structure

A
  • poem tells story of battle in chronological order
  • final stanza shorter and summarises the heroism of the brigade
111
Q

CotLb- Repetition

A
  • creates a sense of impeding doom and inevitably
112
Q

CotLb- Violent Language

A
  • narrator chooses powerful verbs and adjectives to give strong sense of violence of battle
  • uses sounds to create vivid, noisy, hellish setting
113
Q

how is Admiration shown in CotLB

A
  • narrator admires bravery and sacrifice of men because they obeyed orders and can though they knew the risk of death
  • thinks world should recognise the bravery and appreciate their sacrifice
114
Q

how is Patriotism show in CotLB

A

men followed orders because of their duty to their country, speaker portrays them as heroes for this

115
Q

how is Horror shown in CotLB

A

suggestion that narrator is horrified by the violence of battle

116
Q

analyse: “Half a league, half a league, half a league onward”

A

rhythm sounds like galloping horses’ hooves, gives the impression that the horses are unstoppable

117
Q

analyse: “Death”

A
  • sounds sinister
  • reader earned from start that something bad will happen
118
Q

analyse: “Cannon to the right of them, Cannon to the left of them, Cannon in front of them”

A
  • repetition shows how surrounded they are by enemies
  • replicates gunfire
119
Q

analyse: “shot and shell”

A

sibilance emphasises the idea of ammunition flying towards them

120
Q

analyse: “jaws of Death…mouth of Hell”

A

images personify death and hell, make them seem like monsters that soldiers can’t escape from

121
Q

analyse: “Cannon to the right of them, Cannon to the left of them, Cannon behind them”

A
  • repetition to show soldiers surrounded by enemy
  • but are now retreating
122
Q

analyse: “All the world wonder’d:”

A
  • people marvelled at their bravery
  • or people wondered why they had been sent on the charge
  • this poem focuses on the bravery of soldiers rather than the mistakes of the military leaders
123
Q

what is Exposure about

A
  • soldiers in trenches of WW1 at night
  • nature is the main enemy, very cold
  • me imagining returning home, but the doors there are closed to them
  • they believe sacrificing themselves at war is only way of keeping people at home safe
  • return to thinking about their deaths in icy trenches
124
Q

Exposure- Form

A
  • written in present tense using first person plural (Our, We, Us)
  • collective voice shows the experience was shared by soldiers
  • each stanza has regular rhyme scheme, reflecting monotonous nature of men’s experience, most rhymes are half rhymes (snow and renew)
  • rhyme scheme is jagged like reality of men’s experience, reflect their confusion and fading energy
  • each stanza ends with half line, leave a gap suggest lack of activity or hope for men
125
Q

Exposure- Structure

A
  • 8 stanzas, but not real progression
  • last stanza ends with same words as first stanza, relegate monotony life in trenches and absence of change
126
Q

Exposure- Questions

A

uses rhetorical questions to ask why men exposed to such dreadful conditions, and whether there is any point of their suffering

127
Q

Exposure- Break Language

A
  • includes lots of break imagery to remind reader of means pain, awful weather and lack of hope for soldiers
  • assonance and onomatopoeia carefully chosen verbs add to bleak mood, make description vivid and distressing
128
Q

Exposure- Personification

A

nature repeatedly personified, seems like real enemy of way

129
Q

how is Suffering shown in Exposure

A
  • reminders of real and physical pain and exhaustion that soldiers experience
  • thinking about home is painful for men because they’re not welcome there
130
Q

how is Boredom shown in Exposure

A

sense of frustration because they are left watching and worrying while nothing happens as they contemplate their own deaths

131
Q

how is Hopelessness shown in Exposure

A
  • soldiers helpless against power of nature
  • nothing they can do to change their situation
  • poem offers little hope of a future for the men
132
Q

analyse: “Our brains ache”

A

a shared painful experience

133
Q

analyse: “confuse…worries…curious, nervous”

A
  • different emotions
  • other reason why their brains ache
134
Q

analyse: “merciless iced east winds that knive us”

A
  • nature personified
  • nature is attacking them
135
Q

analyse: “…”

A

ellipsis hints they are waiting for something to happen “but nothing happens”

136
Q

analyse: “but nothing happens”

A
  • half line
  • emphasises boredom and tension
137
Q

analyse: “like twitching agonies of men among its brambles”

A
  • “brambles” of the barbed wire
  • reminds us of pain caused by nature
138
Q

analyse: “ranks on shivering ranks of grey”

A
  • the description of dawn approaching mirrors the soldiers in the trenches
  • grey is no colour, battlefield is cold and lifeless
  • grey was the colour of German uniforms, aligns nature with enemy
139
Q

analyse: “dawn massing in the east her melancholy army”

A
  • dawn is personified using the language of battle
  • dawn normally brings hope, but not here
140
Q

analyse: “black with snow”

A
  • snow is normally white (symbolising purity)
  • but here it’s black (symbolising death)
141
Q

analyse: “snow-dazed… sun-dozed”

A

half-rhyme creates link between what was before and what is now

142
Q

analyse: “- is it that we are dying”

A
  • rhetorical question
  • possible answering the first question in stanza 2
143
Q

analyse: “shutters and doors, all closed: on us the doors are closed”

A
  • caesura creates a division of each line, reflects how men are shut out of their homes
  • reflects soldier’s concern that people back home were losing interest in their fate as was went on
144
Q

analyse: “For love of God seems dying”

A
  • their love of God is disappearing
  • feel God’s love for them is dying because he won’t save them
145
Q

analyse: “All their eyes are ice”

A
  • metaphor
  • refers to eyes of living and dead men
  • vivid description of how they’ve been overpowered by nature
  • living men no longer able to feel emotion, dead inside
146
Q

what is SOTI about

A
  • narrator describes, community thinks well prepared for storm
  • poem goes on confidence disappears
  • ending of poem describes fear
147
Q

SOTI: Form

A
  • written in blank verse, reflects patterns of everyday speech, sound like conversation
  • poem all in one stanza, company and sturdy like house
148
Q

SOTI: Structure

A
  • poem shifts from security to fear
  • “But no:” shows the turning point by using the caesura to reflect calm moments before storm
149
Q

SOTI: Violent imagery

A

writer uses personification metaphors and similes to emphasise the storms war like danger and effects

150
Q

SOTI: Use of sounds to show power of nature

A
  • the plosive forceful sounds like “blast” show power of nature
  • sibilance to show danger and whistles of the waves and winds
151
Q

how does SOTI show helplessness

A
  • people can’t do anything and forced to wait for storm to end
  • nature show as powerful and in command, ruler of man king
152
Q

analyse: “We are prepared”

A

feeling of safety

153
Q

analyse: “Exploding comfortably”

A

oxymoron juxtaposes the feelings of fear and safety

154
Q

analyse: “bombarded”

A
  • language normally used to describe war
  • island being attached by planes dropping bombs
155
Q

analyse: “tragic chorus”

A
  • in Greek “chorus” means events
  • no trees to act as a chorus suggests islanders are alone
156
Q

analyse: “houses squat”

A
  • lots of words about safety and security in first two lines
  • feeling of security disappears with the enjambment in rest of poem