Poverty

Question 1

Principles of the Convention

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Answer 1

Article 2: Non-Discrimination
- classism, ageism, regional, etc.

Article 3: Best Interest of the Child

• Consequence of poverty
• Not in the best interest of the child

Article 6: Survival and Development
- consequences of poverty - survival at time but development mostly

Article 12: Participation Rights

Question 2

Article 4 and Article 42

Answer 2

Article 4: countries should provide to their maximum support/potential
- Poverty in rich countries

Article 42: supposed to publicize to both children and adults that they have rights

• age appropriate and level of maturity need to be taken into account when explaining the rights
• can start teaching children their rights at very young ages

Question 3

Article 18

Answer 3

Day Care Article

• Family emphasized and state have to give support to parents and children
• Public policy at front

Question 4

Article 19

Answer 4

Social Programs for Support of Children

- State has a central role with social programs

Question 5

Article 26

Answer 5

Benefits for the Child

- Benefits given to the children

Question 6

Article 27

Answer 6

Poverty Article

• Standard of living being adequate for child’s development (mental, physical, spiritual, emotional, etc.)
• Part 3: state taking measures to provide material assistance for families and support programs

Question 7

Poverty in Canada - Context

Answer 7

• Canada as a ‘welfare state’
• Ideas and attitudes about child poverty (measurements)
• Evolution of child benefits

Question 8

Canada as a ‘Welfare State’

Answer 8

• Trying to make sure that people do not fall through the cracks
• Different types of social welfare states - individualism and collectivism (Canada is individualistic)
• Child benefit, social assistance, income maintenance, day care system, support to family (how the country is helping people)
• Liberal welfare state (not generous): not much of a belief in collective responsibility, sets in motion a contest that does not allow child poverty to be the most important forefront, believes that the families are in charge and thus they wont help unless in extreme circumstances and even then not much, mostly committed to healthcare (relatively generous in healthcare - outside of healthcare the economic assistance falls short), and not generous in social assistance

Question 9

Ideas and Attitudes About Child Poverty (Measurements)

Answer 9

• Used to have a lot of consensus about how poverty was measured
• Debate about who raises children - parents vs. community - cultural views
• Questioning of relative measurement of poverty
• Golden ages of lets do something about poverty has gone down in recent years
• Plays into the debate

Question 10

Evolution of Child Benefits

Answer 10

• Three pillars of child poverty
  1) Child benefits

2) Child care
- Don’t have a national child care system
- Upset that we almost did
- National childcare systems would be helpful - better then the $100 given to families per month

3) Parental leave policy
- Parent leave has improved from the 90’s (maternal and paternal leave)
- Canada is doing well but compared to some countries we are not doing so well (55-57% of salary in Canada for a year, but 80% of salary for the year in Sweden)

Question 11

Generation Poor (Video)

Answer 11

• 1 million poor kids
• 3 in 10 kids are poor in St. Johns
• 29% of Toronto’s kids are living in poverty
• For improvements: raise minimum wage, more child tax benefit and low income housing

Question 12

Level of Commitment

Answer 12

• Canada is between wavering (some commitment then loss of commitment) and expanding (doing something somewhat substantial and they are not moving in the right direction over time) commitment
• When it comes to tax benefits Canada is definitely not just expanding

Question 13

Conclusions

Answer 13

• Canada is below average