Poultry Nutrition Flashcards
3 different types of activities of poultry industry
- Genetics/Selection farms (Primary Breeders)
- Reproduction Farms (Breeders + Hatchery)
- Production Farms
T/F broiler production is an “all in all out” system
true
at what age do boiler chickens go to harvest
6-7 weeks
feeding costs
2/3 total operation cost
energy sources
grains, grain by-products, animal and vegetable fats
T/F poultry have a limited ability to digest fiber
true
grains
50-80% of total ration
corn most commonly used
how are chickens fed
ad libitum
will eat to meet their energy needs
T/F high energy rations–> higher efficiency
true
what is the most important cereal
corn
oats and barely
cannot totally replace corn
limit incorporation to 10-15%
fats
used to increase energy levels in diet
nor more than 5-10%
what supplies essential AA
proteins
protein sources
- Soybean meal
- Canola meal
- Blood meal and Fish meal
mineral important for laying hens
calcium
sources of minerals
oyster shell and/or limestone
vitamins and mineral are normally supplied in what form
premixes included in pelleted diets
what are minerals needed for
formation of the egg shell
why use pellets
- Pelleted feeds have more nutrients per volume of feed
* Allow the use of ground material more efficiently –>no need for grit
T/F young animals can be fed pellets
false
forms of commercial manufactured feeds
- Mash
- Pellets
- Crumble
which poultry industry is phase feeding particularly important
laying hens
normally used in broilers, turkeys, laying hens
starter ration for weeks 0-6 form
mash
at what age do you start a growing ration
6 weeks
weeks 6-20
slowly shift from mash to pellet
protein decreases
factor effecting feed consumption in laying hens
- Egg production and size
- Body size
- Health status
- Temperature
phases of broiler feeding
- Starter
- Grower
- Finisher
important changes in broiler phases
- Protein Content
- AA content
- Feed structure
what does feed conversion depend on
- Genetic background of strain
- Type of feed used
- Temperature
- Feed waste
- Additives used in the Feed
- Management
differences in feeding turkeys
- Protein levels (higher)
* Vitamin composition
T/F turkey poults are fed either a pre-starter or starter ration and watered ASAP
true
T/F turkey poults get stressed easily
true
how are 8-10 week old poults raised
confinement or range-based
as turkeys become older
- Energy levels increase
* Protein levels decrease
T/F Toms are grown to a later age than females
true
toms have higer_______requirements
protein
