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RUSVM Nutrition > Introduction to Cattle Nutrition > Flashcards

Introduction to Cattle Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

2 species of cattle

A

Bos taurus

Bos indicus

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2
Q

dairy vs beef

A
  • Different ability to produce milk
  • Different ability to grow
  • Different ability to produce body muscle and fat masses
  • Different Conformation
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3
Q

important dairy breeds

A
  • Holstein Friesland
  • Ayrshire
  • Jersey
  • Brown Swiss
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4
Q

Jersey

A

smallest dairy breed

good grazing ability

high milk fat content

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5
Q

brown swiss

A

good grazers

heat tolerant

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6
Q

ayrshire

A

good grazing ability

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7
Q

important beef breeds

A
  • Angus
  • Hereford
  • Highland cattle
  • Shorthorn
  • Charolais
  • Brahman
  • Texas Longhorn
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8
Q

Angus

A

black, smooth hair, polled

high quality carcass, well marbled meat

perform well in feedlots

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9
Q

Hereford

A

high beef yield

docile and easily handled

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10
Q

shorthorn/polled shorthorn

A

very adaptable

origin of 30 other different breeds

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11
Q

charolais

A

large, heavily muscled breed

high carcass yields, lean

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12
Q

brahman

A

Bos indicus

used for crossing

heat tolerance

forage on poor pastures

quality carcass

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13
Q

texas longhorn

A

adapted to harsh environments

slow maturity

tolerant to disease and parasites

survive on sparse rangelands

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14
Q

dual purpose breeds

A

simmentaler/fleckvieh

normande

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15
Q

T/F all dairy breeds can be used for meat production

A

true its just shitty

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16
Q

composite breeds

A

optimize beef production on harsh lands

combine hardiness with productive performance

17
Q

objective of dairy cows

A

produce 1 calf per year/cow

18
Q

T/F cows are milked year round

A

false

milk is produced year round but only milked for 10 months

19
Q

types of dairy cows (nutrition wise)

A

grazing

minimal grazing

no grazing

20
Q

life cycle of a dairy cow

A

parturition

early and peak lactation

late lactation

dry period

21
Q

how long does the dry period typically last

A

60 days

22
Q

how often do calves have to be milked

A

BID

365 days a year

23
Q

quality determinants of milk

A

volume
fat content
protein content
somatic cell count

24
Q

what is the objective of beef farm

A

produce 1 calf per year/cow and finish that calve as soon as possible

25
Q

two types of beef farms

A

cow/calf

feedlot

26
Q

cow/calf nutrition system

A

pasture

27
Q

feedlot nutrition system

A

animals confined and have access to feed (roughage+gran)

28
Q

what it the job of feedlot cattle

A

finish out as quickly and efficiently as possible

29
Q

how long do animals typically stay in the feedlot

A

3-6m

30
Q

daily gain in feedlot

A

2.5-4 lbs per day

RUSVM Nutrition (5 decks)

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