Potentiometry Flashcards
________ has both electric magnetic fields. It comes from natural and man-made sources.
Radiation
Electromagnetic radiation is _______ or ______ mainly by several gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, among the most important being water, vapor, carbon dioxide and ozone.
reflected, absorbed
__________ is a procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of major depression.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
Defined as the amount of work/ energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point in an electric field.
Potential Current / Electric Field Potential / Electrostatic Potential
Device or substance that can generate electrical energy from chemical reactions occurring in it.
Electrochemical Cell
What are the 4 types of electrochemical cells?
Galvanic or Voltaic Cells
Eletrolytic Cells
Fuel Cells
Chargeable & Non-rechargeable Cells
Amount of work to move a unit of charge
Potential
Flow of electricity, amount of electricity flowing in a circuit
Current
Property of subatomic particles that causes to release force placed in electric and magnetic field
Charge
•Changes chemical energy into electrical energy
• Anode is - ve
• Spontaneous reaction occurs
Galvanic Cell
•Changes electrical energy into chemical reaction
• Anode is +ve
• Non-spontaneous reaction occurs
Electrolytic Cell
Uses the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels to cleanly and efficiently produce electriciry.
Fuel Cell
“Single use” and cannot be recharged.
Primary Batteries
Rechargeable
Secondary Batteries
He introduced the term potentiometry in connection to potential determinations.
W. Ostwald
He discovered that there is charge in potential across a glass membrane of different acidity.
Frit Harber
She discovered that a otential difference exists between the two sides of a thin glass membrane.
E. Cremer
He is the inventor of Potentiostat
A. Hickling
Analysis measuring amount of matter transformed during an electrolysis (amount in coulomb)
Coulometry
A dynamic electrochemical reaction which determines number of electrons during redox reaction.
Voltametry
An electronic device that measures and controls the potential difference between two electrodes.
Potentiostat
Are reference electrodes calculated in terms of H+ ions.
Standard Hydrogen Electrodes (SHE)
It maintains neutrality of solution and allow free flow of ions from one cell to another.
Salt Bridge
(True or False): Kolthoff and Sanders showed that pellets made from AgCl could be used to determine the concentration of Cl+.
False
(True or False): The potentiometric precision is assessed in potential measured within a repeatability of ±0.1mV
True
(True or False): The most common class of potentiometric biosensors are the so- called indicator electrodes.
False
(True or False): A fuel cell uses the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels to cleanly and efficiently produce electricity.
True
(True or False): Examples of secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium (NiCd), lead acid, and lithium-ion batteries
True
(True or False): Primary batteries are “single use” and cannot be recharged.
True
(True or False): In Galvanic Cell, Anode is negative - ve
True
(True or False): In electrolytic cell, Cathode is positive -ve.
False
(True or False): Potentiometry is a measurement of potential, current, or charge in an electrochemical cell serves as the analytical signal.
True
(True or False): Potentiometry follows standard, max concentration of 10-5 - 10-10 M to a minimum concentration of 0.1-1 M.
False
A reaction occurring at the electrode where electricity flows moves into the cell.
Anode Reaction
A reaction occurring at the electrode where electricity is given out or flows out of the cell.
Cathode Reaction
A reaction occurring at the electrode where electricity is given out or flows out of the cell.
Cathode Reaction
A biosensor type where an enzyme is immobilized on an ion-selective electrode to detect specific analytes.
Potentiometric Biosensor
The equation fundamental to potentiometry, relating cell potential to the concentration of electroactive species.
Nernst Equation
Electrodes with a stable, known electrical potential, used as a reference point in potentiometric measurements.
Reference Electrodes
The electrode that completes the electric circuit and provides a reference potential in potentiometric measurements.
Counter Electrodes
Electrochemical cells divided into two separate compartments that allow for controlled potential measurements.
Half-Cell System
In _____ no current passes between the electrodes, and the concentrations of species in the electrochemical cell remain.
Static method
The largest division of interfacial electrochemical methods is the group of ______ in which current flows and concentrations change as the result of a redox reaction.
Dynamic methods
