posture assessment Flashcards
OHSA
LPHC arms fall forward
Overactive
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
Teres major (posterior shoulder muscle)
Underactive
Middle and lower trapezius (mid-back muscle)
Rhomboids (muscles near shoulder blades)
Posterior deltoids (back of shoulder muscles)
Portions of the rotator cuff (small muscles that stabilize the shoulder)
Knee varus
Knees bow outward
OHSA
LPHC excessive forward trunk lean
Overactive
Hip flexors
Gastrocnemius/soleus
Rectus abdominis and external obliques (superficial abdominal muscles)
Underactive
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Lumbar extensors
OHSA
Knee Valgus (cave in)
Overactive
Tensor fascia latae (TFL)(muscle near front of hip)
Adductor complex (inner thigh muscles)
Underactive
Gluteus maximus and medius
Anterior and posterior tibialis
Pulling assessment
LPHC low back arches
Overactive
Hip flexors (rectus femoris, psoas, TFL)
Lumbar extensors
Underactive
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Abdominals
Single Leg Squat Assessment
Knee Valgus (caves in)
Overactive
Tensor fascia latae (TFL)
Adductor complex
Underactive
Gluteus maximus and medius
Anterior and posterior tibialis
Push assessment
Shoulder Scapular elevation
Overactive
Levator scapulae (posterior neck muscles)
Upper trapezius
Underactive
Lower trapezius
PUlling assessmnet
Head ande neck head juts forward
Overactive
Levator scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid
Underactive
Deep cervical flexors
OHSA
foot and ankle turn out
Overactive
Gastrocnemius/soleus (calves)
Hamstrings complex
Underactive
Anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles)
Gluteus maximus and medius
Pushing assessment
LPHC low back arches
Overactive
Hip flexors (rectus femoris, psoas, TFL)
Lumbar extensors
Underactive
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Abdominals
Pulling assessment
Shoulder Scapular elevation
Overactive
Levator scapula
Upper trapezius
Underactive
Lower trapezius
OHSA
LPHC low back arches
Overactive
Hip flexors (rectus femoris, psoas, TFL)
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)
Latissimus dorsi (large back muscle)
Underactive
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Abdominals
Knee Valgus
Knees collapse inward
Push Assessment
Head and neck head juts forward
Overactive
Levator scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid (anterior neck muscles)
Underactive
Deep cervical flexors (deep neck stabilizer muscles)
Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome
Static Positions
Ankle joints—pes planus (collapsed arch)
Knee joints—valgus and internally rotated
Hip joints—adducted and internally rotated
Potential Muscle Imbalances
Potential overactive muscles
Gastrocnemius and soleus (calves)
Adductor complex (inner thighs)
Hip flexors (muscles near front of hips)
Potential underactive muscles
Anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles)
Gluteus maximus and medius (butt muscles)
Lower Crossed Syndrome
Static Positions
Hip joints—flexed
Pelvis—anterior pelvic tilt
Lumbar spine—excessive lordosis (extension)
Potential Muscle Imbalances
Potential overactive muscles
Hip flexors
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)
Potential underactive muscles
Gluteus maximus and medius
Hamstring complex
Abdominals
Upper Crossed Syndrome
Static Positions
Thoracic spine—excessive kyphosis (hunchback, flexed posture)
Shoulders—protracted (rounded forward) and internally rotated
Head and neck—jutted forward
Potential Muscle Imbalances
Potential overactive muscles
Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
Levator scapula and sternocleidomastoid (neck muscles)
Upper trapezius
Potential underactive muscles
Middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids (mid-back muscles)
Deep cervical flexors (muscle deep within the neck)
