posture Flashcards
In the lateral view of standard posture, the gravity line should pass through what structures?
ear lobe shoulder joint midway through chest and abdomen greater trochanter just anterior to the midline of the knee just anterior to the lateral malleolus
What pelvic alignment should be present for standard posture in the lateral view?
ASIS and pubic symphysis should be in the same vertical plane
What are normal postural landmarks in the AP/PA view?
no lateral body sway level head level shoulders even scapulae no scoliosis level iliac crest level gluteal cheeks no femur rotation straight tibia straight feet
Factors affecting posture
spinal curves pelvic tilt musculature scoliosis scapular position legs and knees feet common postural faults
Anterior pelvic tilt has what affect on the lumbar?
it increases lumbar lordosis
Posterior pelvic tilt has what affect on the lumbar?
it decreases lumbar lordosis
What is it called with the ASIS is anterior to the pubic symphysis?
Anterior pelvic tilt
What is it called with the ASIS is posterior to the pubic symphysis?
posterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic erector spinae muscles have on normal posture?
- increased lumbar lordosis/extension
- anterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic gluteus maximus muscles have on normal posture?
- decreased lumbar lordosis
- posterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic hamstrings muscles have on normal posture?
- decreased lumbar lordosis
- posterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic abdominal muscles have on normal posture?
- decreased lumbar lordosis
- posterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic iliospoas muscles have on normal posture?
- increased lumbar lordosis
- anterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic tensor fasciae latae muscles have on normal posture?
- increased lumbar lordosis
- anterior pelvic tilt
What affect does hypertonic rectus femoris muscles have on normal posture?
- increased lumbar lordosis
- anterior pelvis tilt
What affect does hypertonic quadrates lumborum muscles have on normal posture?
- elevates iliac crest
- worsen scoliosis
What affect does hypertonic gluteus medius muscles have on normal posture?
- abducts thigh
- depression of ipsilateral iliac crest
What affect does hypertonic thigh adductor muscles have on normal posture?
- adduct the thigh
- relative elevation of ipsilateral iliac crest
What affect does weak soleus muscles have on normal posture?
- ankle dorsiflexion resulting in knee flexion or forward inclination of the body
What affect does weak gastrocnemius muscles have on normal posture?
-hyperextension of the knee
What affect does shortened medial rotators muscles of the shoulder have on normal posture?
-palms face posteriorly
What affect does weak serratus anterior muscles have on normal posture?
-winging of the scapula
What is structural scoliosis?
vertebrae have changes shape to create a curve in the spine. Often referred to as idiopathic
What is functional scoliosis?
vertebrae are normal. Curve results from some biomechanics factor and can be straightened
The screening test to determine if scoliosis is structural or functional?
Adams test - patient bend forward and if curve remains, scoliosis is structural
What would laterally pointed patellae indicate?
Externally rotated femur
What would medially pointed patellae indicate?
internally rotated femur
What is another name for bowlegs?
Genu varum
What is another name for knock-knees?
Genu valgum
What features are characteristic of the sway back posture?
increased thoracic flexion
increased lumbar flexion
posterior tilt and anterior displacement of the pelvis
increased extension at the hip
What features are characteristic of the kyphosis-lordosis posture?
increased thoracic flexion
increased lumbar extension
anterior pelvic tilt
flexion of the hips
What features are characteristic of the flat back posture?
decreased thoracic curve
decreased lumbar curve
posterior pelvic tilt
extension of the hip
What features are characteristic of the military posture?
elevated chest
increased lumbar curve
anterior pelvic tilt
