Postural Control Intervention

Question 1

reactive postural control

Answer 1

ability to use different strategies during unexpected perturbations

Question 2

what are 4 reactive postural control strategies?

Answer 2

1 - ankle
2 - hip
3 - step
4 - grab/reach

Question 3

what are reactive postural control strategies determined by

Answer 3

1 - amplitude and velocity of stimulus
2 - perceptions of limits of stability
3 - perceived ability to recover balance
4 - fear of falling

Question 4

for both hip and ankle strategies sway is…

Answer 4

slow and near midline

Question 5

at the ankle, muscles are activated from ______ to _______

Answer 5

distal to proximal

Question 6

at the hip, muscles are activated from _______ to _______

Answer 6

proximal to distal

Question 7

which reactive postural control strategy is the most difficult to learn

Answer 7

stepping

Question 8

fear of falling cycle

Answer 8

1 - you fall
2 - fear of pain or falling again
3 - reduced activity
4 - physical deconditioning
5 - increased risk of falls
6 - cycle continues

Question 9

a score of less than _______% on the ABC scale indicates an increased risk of falling

Answer 9

67%

Question 10

what are the 6 balance domains

Answer 10

1 - biomechanical constraints
2 - stability limits
3 - anticipatory postural adjustments
4 - reactive postural adjustments
5 - sensory orientation
6 - stability in gait

Question 11

hip ______ weakness is a major risk factor for falls in community-dwelling adults

Answer 11

abduction

GLUTE MED

Question 12

T or F: improving trunk control and strength directly translates to improved ambulatory and overall mobility prognosis

Answer 12

T

Question 13

limits of stability

Answer 13

max distance a person can intentionally displace their center of gravity

Question 14

limits of stability improved with interventions focused on improving… (2)

Answer 14

1 - ankle strategies
2 - weight shifting

Question 15

anticipatory balance

Answer 15

when the body anticipates an upcoming LOB and makes appropriate adjustments prior to LOB

Question 16

T or F: reactive balance responses are automatic and are faster than responses under voluntary control

Answer 16

T

Question 17

T or F: older adults have smaller anticipatory postural control adjustments

Answer 17

F: larger

Question 18

T or F: there is a direct correlation between muscle fatigue and slowed reactive responses

Answer 18

T

Question 19

3 techniques for a lateral stepping response

Answer 19

1 - lateral step
2 - medial step
3 - crossover

Question 20

is a forward crossover or backwards crossover better

Answer 20

forwards!!

Question 21

what is the primary neuromechanical contributor to lateral balance stability

Answer 21

hip abd/add

Question 22

slip training promotes _____ corrections caused by ______ slip perturbation

Answer 22

backward
anterior

Question 23

trip training promotes ______ corrections caused by _______ trip perturbation

Answer 23

forward
posterior

Question 24

T or F: attention allocation deficits have been correlated with falls

Answer 24

T: dual task training is important

Question 25

T or F: if a person with a hx of falls or fear of falling is not complaining of dizziness you do not have to test for BPPV

Answer 25

F: needs to be in a standard balance assessment regardless if they are complaining of dizziness *78% of falls in elderly are associated with BPPV

Question 26

in _____ anterior-posterior direction is more stable while in _______ lateral is more stable

Answer 26

sitting standing

Question 27

MMT 30 sec STS 5XSTS standing heel raise what do these measure

Answer 27

biomechanical constraints

Question 28

functional reach multidirectional reach what do these measures assess

Answer 28

limits of stability

Question 29

5XSTS 30 sec STS multidirectional reach functional reach berg mini-BESTest four square step test what do these measures assess

Answer 29

anticipatory balance

Question 30

mini-BESTest (item 4,5,6) push/pull test tinetti DGI/FGA (start/stop walking on command) What do these measures assess

Answer 30

reactive balance

Question 31

what are 3 tests you can do for sensory organization

Answer 31

berg balance min-BESTest mCTSIB

Question 32

dual task cost % formula

Answer 32

(ST score - DT score)/(ST score) x100 to get %

Question 33

rate of perceived stability scale is rated from __ to ____. What range should we work in without a harness

Answer 33

1-7 work in 4-5 (mild to mod unbalanced) *if you have a hardness you can increase to 6 which is very unbalanced

Question 34

cutoff for 3M backward walk test

Answer 34

>4.5 sec

Question 35

scoring for reactive balance testing

Answer 35

2 points = recover with 1 step and then 1 adjustment step 1 point = recovers w/o assist but needs multiple steps 0 points = would result in fall w/o assist