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Adult Neuro Two > Concussion > Flashcards

Concussion Flashcards

1
Q

concussion

A

a trauma induced alteration of mental status that may or may not involve the loss of consciousness

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2
Q

mild TBI

A

loss of consciousness for no more than 30 minutes or amnesia as a result of a mechanical force to the head and a GCS of 13-15

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3
Q

post concussion syndrome

A

persistent symptoms of concussion past the period when the individual should have recovered (3 weeks)

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4
Q

a concussion results in a ______ energy crisis in the brain

A

neurometabolic

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5
Q

what are some physical symptoms of concussion

A
  • headaches
  • vision issues
  • dizziness
  • sensitivity to noise/light
  • nausea
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6
Q

what are some neuropsychiatric symptoms of concussion

A
  • more emotional
  • sadness
  • nervousness
  • irritability
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7
Q

what are some cognitive symptoms of concussion

A
  • attention problems
  • memory dysfunction
  • fogginess
  • fatigue
  • cognitive slowing
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8
Q

T or F: concussion can cause sleep disturbances

A

T

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9
Q

if your pt has cognitive and memory issues, who could you refer them to

A

a SLP

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10
Q

most people are 80% recovered by _____ weeks after concussion

A

3

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11
Q

what 3 criteria needs to be met for athletes to return to sport after concussion

A

1 - symptom free at rest
2 - back to baseline/near
3 - symptom free post exertion

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12
Q

what does the impact test test

A

neurocognition

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13
Q

what is a big on-field predictor of recovery from concussion

A

dizziness

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14
Q

what are 3 common peripheral vestibular causes of dizziness after concussion

A

1 - BPPV
2 - labyrinthine concussion
3 - perilymphatic fistula

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15
Q

what are 2 common central causes of dizziness after concussion

A

1 - post traumatic migraine
2 - brainstem concussion

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16
Q

what are 3 common non-vestibular causes of dizziness after concussion

A

1 - ocular motor probs
2 - cervicogenic dizziness
3 - autonomic/orthostatic

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17
Q

T or F: there is typically gaze stability asymmetry following concussion

A

T

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18
Q

what are 3 clinical tests to assess VOR function

A

1 - head impulse test
2 - dynamic visual acuity
3 - head shake nystagmus

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19
Q

how is visual vertigo provoked

A

by moving visual surroundings

20
Q

what are 3 symptoms of post-traumatic mirgraines

A
  • headaches
  • nausea
  • noise/light sensitivity
21
Q

T or F: ther presence of post-traumatic migraines is linked to poorer outcomes after concussion

22
Q

T or F: males have poorer outcomes with concussion

A

F: females

23
Q

T or F: younger people have poorer outcomes with concussions

24
Q

what age is the brain mature

25
vestibular and ocular motor screening (VOMS)
post-concussion symptoms questionnaire
26
what are the 7 tests on the VOMS
1 - smooth pursuits 2 - saccades horizontal 3 - saccades vertical 4 - convergence 5 - VOIR horizontal 6 - VOR vertical 7 - visual motion sensitivity
27
what are the 4 questions you ask before beginning VOMS and after each individual test
rate from 1-10 - headache - dizziness - nausea - fogginess
28
post-concussion symptom scale
- tracks the changes in concussion related symptoms - scored 0-6 - out of 132
29
what are 2 vergence symptoms issues
1 - convergence insufficiency 2 - convergence spasm
30
cutt-off for convergence
6cm
31
pupils should _________ during convergence
constrict
32
cover-uncover tests for ________ while alternate cover tests for ________
trophia phoria
33
4 types of ocular misalignments
1 - esotropia 2 - exotrophia 3 - hypertropia 4 - hypotropia *named for where eye wants to be
34
what does the balance error scoring system (BESS) test assess
balance
35
what are the tasks on the BESS test
- double leg, single leg, and tandem stance on firm surface and on foam surface - eyes always closed - 20 seconds each position
36
what are the errors on the BESS
1 - lifting hands of iliac crests 2 - open eyes 3 - stepping, stumbling, falling 4 - moving hip into more than 30 degrees flex/abd 5 - lifting forefoot or heel 6 - remaining out of testing position for more than 5 seconds
37
for each testing surface of the BESS the maximum number of error is
10
38
what are 2 interventions to train ocular motor system
1 - brock string 2 - pencil push up
39
how do you use a brock string
-3 beads on string -move first one until they see double and then adjust next 2 away from them -they should see 3 different shapes as they look at each bead -look at each bead for 5 sec
40
how do you perform pencil push-ups
-hold pencil at arm's length -focus at tip and bring the pencil slowly towards you until it touches your nose -slowly move it back to arm's length -look away for a few seconds and then focus on the tip again and repeat
41
T or F: there is a standard for exertion testing after concussion
F
42
post concussion stage 1 exertion therapy
-light aerobics, core, and balance activities with limited head movement -performed in quiet areas -no impact activities -2-3 days a week
43
post concussion stage 2 exertion therapy
-light-mod aerobics -balance, resistance, and core exercises with head movements -low intensity sport specific activities -exercise in gym areas -3-4 days a week
44
post concussion stage 3 exertion therapy
-mod aerobics -strength, balance -impact activities (running) and more aggressive sport specific activities -perform in any environment -4-5 days a week
45
post concussion stage 4 exertion therapy
-max exertion sport-specific activities avoiding contact -can participate in non-contact practice -5 days a week
46
post concussion stage 5 of exertion therapy
full physical activities with contact

Adult Neuro Two (15 decks)

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