postural alignment Flashcards
postural control
Controlling the bodys position in space for the dual purposes of stability and orientation (neurological basis of control = sensory, motor, and biomechanics)
postural orientation
ability to maintain an appropriate relationship between the body segments, and between the body and environment for a task (relationship posture and task)
postural alignment
biomechanical alignment
postural components
ability to control the center of mass in relationship to the base of support
center of mass
the point that is in the center of the body mass
base of support
area of the body that is in contact with the support surface
center of gravity
vertical projection of the COM
ideal postural alignement
- controlling of the COM relative to the BOS
- stable posture is the COM falling within the BOS
- requires minimal effort
where is the COM in the body
anterior to S2
key point about the center of mass
is the NS controls the COM, it must be able to estimate the position of the COM from various sensory receptors
things to look for in the posterior view of a postural assessment
- ear height
- upper shoulder height
- acromion height
- lower t spine
- humeral folds
- pelvis height
- PSIS
- Varum or valgum
- calcaneus with midfoot
- spinous process
C7 level
just superior to the tip of the spine of the scapula
T3 level
at the same level as the medial tip of the spine of the scapula
T7 level
at the inferior angle of the scapula
sagittal view landmarks
- ear lobe
- greater trochanter of the femur
- anterior to center of knee joint
- anterior to lateral malleolus
muscles that are active during quiet stance
- erector spinae
- iliosoas
- glute med
- Abdominals
- TFL
- Gastroc
- TA
what does an increase in forward head posture increase
thoracic kyphosis
upper cross
tight: upper traps and levator scap
weak: deep neck flexors
tight: pecs
weak: lower traps and serratus anterior
anterior pelvic tilt force coupling
tight: iliopsoas, rectus femoris, erector spina
weak: gluteal maximus and abdominals
posterior pelvic tilt force coupling
tight: hamstrings, glutes, rectus abdominas
weak: hip flexors, rectus femoris, and erector spina
anterior pelvic tilt on lower back posture
lordotic back
posterior pelvic tit on low back posture
flat back
forward shifted pelvis
swayback
major factors in dynamic postural control
- biomechanical alignment for static conditions
- muscles groups need to work together and fire appropriately based on task
- adaptations in COM, BOS, and COG
center of mass changes when walking
due to GRF
BOS changing with walking
dynamic with COM has a linear movement
LOG with walking
linear movement
key to walking
COM should always fall into the BOS
postural strategies
- means to adapt
- unconscious neuromuscular patterns
- similar to reflexes (respond to sensory input
ankle strategy
the first line of defence
- use TA or Gastroc to control
- seen in children at age 7
2 adult postural strategies
- stepping response
- hip strategy
