Posterior Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
origin of semitendinous muscle
ischial tuberosity
insertion of semitendinous muscle
anteromedial aspect of superior tibia, pes anserinus
function semitendinous muscle
extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate flexed leg
innervation of semitendinous muscle
tibial division of sciatic nerve
pes anserinus, what is
sartorious muscle, gracillis muscle, semitendinous muscle
pes anserine bursitis
inflammation of the anserine bursa located between pes anserinus and the MCL, results in constant, aching pain, aggravated by activity, such as climbing stairs, specifically flexion and internal/medial rotation of the knee
origin of semimembranous muscle
ischial tuberosity
insertion of semimembranous muscle
posterior part of medial tibial condyle
function of semimembranous muscle
extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate flexed leg
innervation of semimembranous muscle
tibial division of sciatic nerve
action of semimembranous muscle
medial tibial condyle, oblique popliteal ligament (reinforce intercondylar portion of knee joint capsule), forms part of popliteal fossa floor
origin of biceps femoris muscle, long head
ischial tuberosity
insertion of biceps femoris muscle, long head
lateral aspect of fibular head
function of biceps femoris muscle, long head
extend thigh, flex leg, laterally rotate flexed leg
innervation of biceps femoris muscle, long head
tibial division of sciatic nerve
origin of biceps femoris muscle, short head
lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line
insertion of biceps femoris muscle, short head
lateral aspect of fibular head
function of biceps femoris muscle, short head
flex leg, laterally rotate flexed leg
innervation of biceps femoris muscle, short head
common fibular division of sciatic nerve
what is the adductor magnus muscle
is a broad triangular muscle[1] forming a septum which divides the anterior muscles from the posterior aspect of the thigh. It is the largest muscle in the medial compartment. It lies deep to the adductor brevis and the adductor longus.
origin of adductor magnus muscle
ischial tuberosity
insertion of adductor magnus muscle
adductor tubercle on medial condyle
function of adductor magnus muscle
whole muscle: adduct thigh,
upper fibers: flex thigh
lower fibers: extend thigh
innervation of adductor magnus muscle
tibial division of sciatic nerve, upper fibers are posterior division obturator nerve
hamstring injury
can be a muscle strain or tear, but can also hamstring tendinopathy
what are the grades of hamstring injury
grade 1-small disruption in structural integrity, grade 2 is partial tears with some intact muscle, pain present, definite loss in strength, grade 3, severe, hematoma (blood seeping through),
genicular anastomosis
descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery descends anterior thigh, supplies genicular anastomosis, descending genicular artery arises from femoral artery in adductor canal, supplies genicular anastomosis
sciatic nerve tibial division comes from what?
L4 to S3
common fibular division
L4 to S2
boundaries of
boundaries of popliteal fossa
superomedially, semimembranous muscle, semitendinous muscle, superolaterally-biceps femoris, inferolaterally-lateral head of gastrocnemius, inferomedially-medial head of gastrocnemius
floor of popliteal fossa
popliteal surface of femur, oblique ligament, from semimembranous tendon, posterior division of proximal tibia
superficial to deep of popliteal fossa
nerves, popliteal veins, branch and lymph nodes, then thirdly, popliteal artery and branches
femoral artery becomes what after passed through adductor hiatus
popliteal artery
popliteal artery branches into what
posterior and anterior tibial arteries
genicular anastomosis supplies what
articular capsule and ligaments of knee joint
popliteal vein becomes femoral vein after transvering adductor hiatus
lies superficial to and in the same fibrous sheath as the popliteal artery
formed by union of anterior and posterior tibial veins
termination point of small saphaenous vein
popliteal vein
popliteal vein, what is route
tell me about lymphatics at the knee
genicular anastomosis supplies what
important collateral circulation, articular capsule, ligaments of knee joint
tibial nerve innervates what
posterior leg muscles, knee joint, skin on posterior leg via medial sural cutaneous nerve
common fibular nerve
leaves popliteal fossa by passing superficially to the lateral head of gastronemius, winds around head and neck fibula (susceptible to injury)
innervates anterior leg muscles via deep fibular nerve
lateral leg muscles via superficial fibular nerve
skin on posterolateral leg via lateral sural cutaneous nerve
sural nerve runs with small saphaneous nerve and does what
composed of medial sural cutaneous nerve (from tibial neve) and sural communicating nerve (from common fibular nerve or lateral sural cutaneous nerve)
distal femoral fractures, metaphyseal fractures
transverse fracture across the shaft, most common distal femoral fracture
physeal fractures
transverse fracture involving epiphyseal plate
distal femoral fractures can do what
posterior displacement can disrupt neurovasculaturem due to close proximity to femur in popliteal fossa
cold, pale feet, slow distal capillary refuel
nergy injury, motor injury and sensory deficits to dorsal or plantar foot
acute compartment syndrome, increased pressure at closed fascial compartment, most commonly due to hemorrhage and/or edema, symptoms include persistent deep ache or burning pain, paresthesia, pain with passive stretch, muscle weakness
popliteal (baker’s cyst), what is
swelling of popliteal fossa due to enlargement of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa
