Anterior and Lateral Leg

Question 1

what is the crural fascia

Answer 1

deep fascia of the leg, covers leg muscles, part of the proximal attachment of the underlying muscles
thickens distally to form extensor retinaculum, prevents bowstringing during dorsiflexion

Question 2

muscles of the the anterior compartment

Answer 2

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius

Question 3

actions of the anterior compartment

Answer 3

dorsiflexion and toe extension

Question 4

origin of tibialis anterior muscle

Answer 4

lateral tibial condyle and superolateral 1/2 of tibia

Question 5

insertion of tibialis anterior muscle

Answer 5

medial surface of first (medial) cuneiform and first metatarsal base

Question 6

action of tibialis anterior muscle

Answer 6

dorsiflexion and inversion of foot, does not run to the digits

Question 7

origin of extensor digitorum longus muscle

Answer 7

lateral tibial condyle, anterior fibular surface, interosseus membrane

Question 8

insertion of extensor digitorum longus muscle

Answer 8

extension of the four tendons forms an extensor expansion over dorsum of lateral four proximal phalangs that divide into two lateral slips and central slip

Question 9

action of extensor digitorum longus muscle

Answer 9

extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexion

Question 10

fibularis tertius muscle origin

Answer 10

anterointerfior fibular surface and distally, dorsum of fifth metatarsal base

Question 11

action of the fibularis tertius muscle

Answer 11

dorsiflexion and eversion

Question 12

origin of extensor hallucis muscle

Answer 12

anteromedial fibular surface and interosseus membrane. medial to distal half of the proximal attachment of extensor digitorum longus

Question 13

insertion of extensor hallucis muscle

Answer 13

base of distal phalanx of hallux

Question 14

action of extensor hallucis muscle

Answer 14

extend hallux, dorsiflex ankle

Question 15

what does deep fibular nerve supply

Answer 15

anterior compartment muscles, ankle joint and metacarpal phalangeal joints, dorsal instrinsic foot muscles, skin between first and second digits

Question 16

anterior tibialis artery desends with what nerve

Answer 16

deep fibular nerve

Question 17

where does the anterior tibialis artery end

Answer 17

ends at ankle between malleoli to become dorsalis pedis artery

Question 18

lateral compartment of leg muscles

Answer 18

fibularis brevis, superficial fibular nerve, and fibularis longus muscle

Question 19

origin of fibularis longus muscle

Answer 19

head and superolateral 2/3 of fibula, passes interior just posterior to lateral malleolus

Question 20

insertion of fibularis longus muscle

Answer 20

runs obliquely and distally across sole of foot to attach distally to first metatarsal and medial cuneiform bone

Question 21

action of fibularis longus muscle

Answer 21

eversion and plantar flexion

Question 22

ridge on lateral surface of the calcaneus

Answer 22

fibular trochlea

Question 23

cuboid bone articulates with what

Answer 23

posteriorly, calcaneus,
anteriorly, 4th and 5th metatarsal
medially, navicular and lateral cuneiform

Question 24

what is the cuboid sulcus

Answer 24

groove for the fibularis longus

Question 25

origin of fibularis brevis muscle

Answer 25

inferolateral 2/3 of tibia

Question 26

insertion of fibularis brevis muscle

Answer 26

dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of fifth metatarsal

Question 27

action of fibularis brevis muscle

Answer 27

eversion and plantarflexion

Question 28

superfical fibular nerve is branch of what nerve

Answer 28

common fibular nerve

Question 29

what does the superficial fibular nerve supply

Answer 29

anteroinferior leg, nearly the entire dorsal surface of the foot
most of the dorsal aspect of the digits

Question 30

what does common fibular nerve injury casue

Answer 30

paralysis of all anterior and lateral crural muscles
loss of dorsiflexion and eversion causes foot drog
difficult to have heel strike
high stepping out gait, waddling gait, or swing out gait

Question 31

lateral compartment arterial supply

Answer 31

one one compartment without a a distinct arterial branch accompanying the compartment nerve, has fibular artery which is brach of the posterior tibial artery

Question 32

crural fascia clinical anatomy

Answer 32

leg compartmental syndrome
septa are very tough
trauma may lead to hemorrhage, edema, and inflammation
intracompartmental pressure may lead to ischemia and permanent injury,
incising fascia may be performed to relieve pressure

Question 33

what are shin splints

Answer 33

repettitive microtrauma to tibialis anterior
inducing small tears to periosteum over tibia
possibly tears to deep fascia
mild form of compartmental syndrome, swelling of tibialis anterior due to repettitive ground reaction force