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MSK > Posterior Leg > Flashcards

Posterior Leg Flashcards

1
Q

what is the medial and lateral tubercle

A

groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon

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2
Q

<p>largest food bone</p>

A

<p>calcaneus bone</p>

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3
Q

<p>calcaneus articulates superiorly with what</p>

A

<p>talus</p>

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4
Q

<p>calcaneus articulates anteriorly with what</p>

A

<p>cuboid</p>

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5
Q

<p>what is sustentaculum tali </p>

A

<p>shelf-life projection that supports talus and provides groove for flexor hallucis longus</p>

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6
Q

<p>what is the navicular </p>

A

<p>articulates with

posteriorly: talus head
anteriorly: 3 cuneiforms
laterally: cuboid</p>

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7
Q

<p>what is the navicular tuberosity </p>

A

<p>tibialis posterior attachment</p>

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8
Q

<p>what is the spring ligament</p>

A

<p>plantar calcaneonavicular ligament</p>

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9
Q

<p>crural fascia is divided into what</p>

A

<p>anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments</p>

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10
Q

<p>posterior compartment of leg divided into two groups</p>

A

<p>superficial posterior group and deep posterior group</p>

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11
Q

<p>what muscles in the superficial posterior group</p>

A

<p>gastronemius muscle, soleus muscle, plantaris muscle

(triceps surae muscle form gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle)</p>

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12
Q

<p>what muscles are in the deep posterior group</p>

A

<p>popliteus muscle, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior</p>

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13
Q

<p>tibial nerve and posterior tibial vessels are what</p>

A

<p>deep to the transverse crural intermuscular septum</p>

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14
Q

<p>origin of gastrocnemius muscle</p>

A

<p>medial head: superior to medial femoral condyle

| lateral head: lateral aspect superior to lateral femoral condyle</p>

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15
Q

<p>insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle</p>

A

<p>posterior surface of calcaneous via tendon calcaneous, achilles tendon</p>

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16
Q

<p>the action of gastrocnemius muscle</p>

A

<p>plantar flexion and flexes leg at the knee joint</p>

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17
Q

<p>lateral head of gastrocnemius head, why important</p>

A

<p>lateral head may have sesamoid bone attachment close to its proximal attachment
function and clinical significance
possibly provide leverage for lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle
painful fabellar stress fracture may accompany total knee replacement
</p>

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18
Q

<p>origin of soleus</p>

A

<p>soleal line of tibia and posterior head of fibula and superior 1/4 of posterior fibula</p>

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19
Q

<p>insertion of soleus muscle</p>

A

<p>posterior surface of calcaenous via tendon calcaneous </p>

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20
Q

<p>action of soleus muscle</p>

A

<p>plantarflexion</p>

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21
Q

<p>plantaris origin</p>

A

<p>lateral end of supracondylar line
long tendon runs between gastrocnemius and soleus
posterior surface of calcaneous via calcaneal tendon</p>

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22
Q

<p>action of plantaris muscle</p>

A

<p>weak plantarflexion and leg flexion</p>

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23
Q

<p>plantaris muscle proposed to be what</p>

A

<p>proprioceptive organ</p>

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24
Q

<p>clincal relevance of plantaris muscle</p>

A

<p>long tendon commonly used in reconstructive surgery of hand tendons
possibility of rupture during violent ankle movements</p>

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25
Q

<p>four muscles in deep posterior crural compartment</p>

A

<p>popliteus muscle, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior</p>

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26
Q

<p>three muscles in superficial crucal compartment, </p>

A

<p>gastronemius, soleus muscle, plantaris muscle</p>

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27
Q

all of the muscles in the posterior superficial and deep compartment are innervated by what?

A

<p>tibial nerve</p>

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28
Q

<p>origin of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>posterior tibia, superior to soleal line</p>

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29
Q

<p>insertion of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus </p>

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30
Q

<p>action of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>unlocks extended leg by laterally rotating femur on a stationary tibia
flexes leg weakly</p>

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31
Q

<p>popliteal fossa</p>

A

<p>superior medial and superior lateral genicular arteries -just superior to medial and lateral heads of gastronemius

inferior medial genicular artery - deep to medial head of gastrocnemius

inferior lateral genicular artery - deep to plantaris and supericial to popliteus</p>

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32
Q

<p>largest deep posterior muscle</p>

A

<p>flexor hallucis longus</p>

33
Q

<p>origin of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula</p>

34
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus muscle passes inferiorly deep to what</p>

A

<p>passes inferiorly deep to flexor retinaculum</p>

35
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus muscle crosses deep to what tendon</p>

A

<p>FDL tendon in sole of foot, gives a tendinous slip to FDL</p>

36
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus tendon approaches what</p>

A

<p>great toe between sesamoid bones in tendons of FHB</p>

37
Q

<p>Insertion of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>base of distal phalanx of great toe</p>

38
Q

<p>action of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>flexes great toe and plantarflex at ankle joint</p>

39
Q

<p>talus has what relationship with flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>medial and lateral tubercle, groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon</p>

40
Q

<p>calcaenous articulates with what two bones</p>

A

<p>superiorly, talus,

| anteriorly, cuboid</p>

41
Q

<p>sustentaculum tali does what</p>

A

<p>shelf-like projection that supports talus and provides groove for flexor hallucis longus </p>

42
Q

<p>flexor digitorum longus is deep to what muscle</p>

A

<p>soleus muscle</p>

43
Q

<p>origin of flexor digitorum longus</p>

A

<p>posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line</p>

44
Q

<p>flexor digitorum longus is superficial to what tendon</p>

A

<p>flexor hallucis longus tendon</p>

45
Q

<p>attachment of flexor digitorum longus muscle</p>

A

<p>distal phalanx base of lateral four digits</p>

46
Q

<p>action of flexor digitorum longus</p>

A

<p>flexes lateral four digits

| plantarflex foot at ankle joint</p>

47
Q

<p>origin of tibilais posterior muscle</p>

A

<p>interosseus membrane,
posterior tibia inferior to tibial line
posteromedial surface of fibula</p>

48
Q

<p>attachment of tibialis posterior muscle</p>

A

<p>navicular tuberosity, cuneiforms, 2 to 4 metatarsal bones</p>

49
Q

<p>action of tibialis posterior muscle</p>

A

<p>inversion

| plantarflexion</p>

50
Q

<p>origin of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>posterior tibia, superior to soleal line</p>

51
Q

<p>insertion of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus </p>

52
Q

<p>action of popliteus muscle</p>

A

<p>unlocks extended leg by laterally rotating femur on a stationary tibia
flexes leg weakly</p>

53
Q

<p>popliteal fossa</p>

A

<p>superior medial and superior lateral genicular arteries -just superior to medial and lateral heads of gastronemius

inferior medial genicular artery - deep to medial head of gastrocnemius

inferior lateral genicular artery - deep to plantaris and supericial to popliteus</p>

54
Q

<p>largest deep posterior muscle</p>

A

<p>flexor hallucis longus</p>

55
Q

<p>origin of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula</p>

56
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus muscle passes inferiorly deep to what</p>

A

<p>passes inferiorly deep to flexor retinaculum</p>

57
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus muscle crosses deep to what tendon</p>

A

<p>FDL tendon in sole of foot, gives a tendinous slip to FDL</p>

58
Q

<p>flexor hallucis longus tendon approaches what</p>

A

<p>great toe between sesamoid bones in tendons of FHB</p>

59
Q

<p>Insertion of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>base of distal phalanx of great toe</p>

60
Q

<p>action of flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>flexes great toe and plantarflex at ankle joint</p>

61
Q

<p>talus has what relationship with flexor hallucis longus muscle</p>

A

<p>medial and lateral tubercle, groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon</p>

62
Q

<p>calcaenous articulates with what two bones</p>

A

<p>superiorly, talus,

| anteriorly, cuboid</p>

63
Q

<p>sustentaculum tali does what</p>

A

<p>shelf-like projection that supports talus and provides groove for flexor hallucis longus </p>

64
Q

<p>flexor digitorum longus is deep to what muscle</p>

A

<p>soleus muscle</p>

65
Q

<p>origin of flexor digitorum longus</p>

A

<p>posterior tibia, inferior to soleal line</p>

66
Q

<p>flexor digitorum longus is superficial to what tendon</p>

A

<p>flexor hallucis longus tendon</p>

67
Q

<p>attachment of flexor digitorum longus muscle</p>

A

<p>distal phalanx base of lateral four digits</p>

68
Q

<p>action of flexor digitorum longus</p>

A

<p>flexes lateral four digits

| plantarflex foot at ankle joint</p>

69
Q

origin of tibilais posterior muscle

A

<p>interosseus membrane,
posterior tibia inferior to tibial line
posteromedial surface of fibula</p>

70
Q

attachment of tibialis posterior muscle

A

navicular tuberosity, cuneiforms, 2 to 4 metatarsal bones

71
Q

action of tibialis posterior muscle

A

inversion

plantarflexion

72
Q

tom dick an harry

A 
tibialis posterior muscle
flexor digitorum longus muscle
posterior tibial artery
tibial nerve
flexor hallucis longus muscle
73
Q

tibial nerve innervates what

A

supplies all posterior compartment muscles

74
Q

tibial nerve leaves posterior compartment how

A

by passing deep to the flexor retinaculum between medial malleolus and calcaneous

ends by dividing into medial and lateral plantar nerves (posteroinferior to medial malleolus)

75
Q

posterior gives rise to what artery

A

fibular artery and also dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries

76
Q

fibular artery anastomoses with what

A

anastomoses with anterior lateral malleolar artery

77
Q

clinical relevance of posterior tibial artery

A

posterior deep pulse palpated between the posterior surface of the medial malleolus and medial calcaneal tendon
deep to flexor retinaculum
important to have patient relax retinaculum by inverting foot

78
Q

clinical relevance of posterior tibial pulse

A

used to examine patients with occlusive peripheral arterial disease
condition caused by ischemia of leg muscles due to narrowing or occlusion of leg arteries
characterized by leg cramps and pain during walking, disappears after rest

MSK (9 decks)

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