Posterior leg and ankle joint Flashcards
How many muscles of posterior compartment?
7
How many deep muscles of posterior compartmen
4
How many superficial muscles of posterior compartmen
3
Where do superficial muscles of the posterior compartment insert?
Superficial muscles all insert on posterior surface of calcaneous via Tendocalcaneous
Where do deep muscles of the posterior compartment insert?
Tendons of deep muscles pass behind medial malleolus to plantar surface of foot, except popliteus
Superficial muscles - Gastrocnemius
Medial head:
Popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle
Lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
Tibial nerve (S1, 2)
Plantarflexes ankle; flexes knee
Superficial muscles - Plantaris
Lateral supracondylar line of femur
Tibial nerve ( S1,2) Assists plantar flexion of ankle
Superficial muscle-
Soleus
Soleal line of Tibia
Upper ⅓ posterior Fibula Tendinous arch between bony attachments
Tibial nerve (S1, 2)
Plantarflexes ankle joint
Deep Muscles - Popliteus
Lateral condyle of femur
(Pit for popliteus) and Lateral meniscus
→Popliteal area of tibia (above soleal line)
Tibial n. (L4, 5, S1)
Unlocks knee joint by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia
Deep Muscles – Flexor Digitorum Longus
Posterior Surface of Tibia
→Base of distal Phalanx of digits 2-4
Tibial nerve (L5, S1, 2)
Flexes lateral 4 digits
Weak plantarflexor of ankle
Deep Muscles – Flexor Hallucis Longus
Posterior Surface of Fibula
→Base of distal Phalanx of Hallux
Tibial nerve (L5, S1, 2)
Flexes Hallux
Weak plantarflexor of ankle
Deep Muscles – Tibialis Posterior
Posterior Surface of Tibia and Fibula, Interosseous membrane
→Tuberosity of Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid, Sustentaculum tali of Calcaneus, base of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Metatarsals
Tibial nerve (L4, 5)
Plantarflexes ankle
Inverts foot
Tibialis Posterior tendon passes ….to what ?
Tibialis Posterior tendon passes deep to Flexor Digitorum Longus
Groove posterior to the medial malleolus
Medial to lateral arrangements of tendons at ankle joint:
Tibialis posterior, Flexor Digitorium Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus
(Tom, Dick and Harry 0
Flexor retinaculum
Medial malleolus → Calcaneous
Posterior tibial vessels and tibial nerve found between FDL and FHL tendons
Posterior Tibial Artery
Terminal branch of popliteal artery
Between heads of gastrocnemius and deep to soleus to run on surface of TP and FDL
What artery does posterior tibial give as a branch?
Fibular artery
Where does the posterior tibular artery terminate?
Terminates as medial and lateral plantar arteries in the foot
Fibular artery
Runs medial to fibula, usually within FHL
Tibial nerve
Passes between the heads of gastrocnemius and deep to tendinous arch of soleus, with Posterior Tibial a.
Between FHL and FDL at the ankle jt.
Gives terminal branches that supply the sole of the foot: Medial and Lateral Plantar nerves
What do the distal end of the tibia and fibula form?
Malleolar Mortise
what does malleolar mortise articulate with?
Trochlea of the Talus
dorsiflexion degree of movement
20- 30 o
plantarflexion degree of movement
30-50 o
