Posterior leg and ankle joint

Question 1

How many muscles of posterior compartment?

Answer 1

7

Question 2

How many deep muscles of posterior compartmen

Answer 2

4

Question 3

How many superficial muscles of posterior compartmen

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Where do superficial muscles of the posterior compartment insert?

Answer 4

Superficial muscles all insert on posterior surface of calcaneous via Tendocalcaneous

Question 5

Where do deep muscles of the posterior compartment insert?

Answer 5

Tendons of deep muscles pass behind medial malleolus to plantar surface of foot, except popliteus

Question 6

Superficial muscles - Gastrocnemius

Answer 6

Medial head:
Popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle

Lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur

Tibial nerve (S1, 2)

Plantarflexes ankle; flexes knee

Question 7

Superficial muscles - Plantaris

Answer 7

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

Tibial nerve ( S1,2)
Assists plantar flexion of ankle

Question 8

Superficial muscle-

Soleus

Answer 8

Soleal line of Tibia
Upper ⅓ posterior Fibula Tendinous arch between bony attachments

Tibial nerve (S1, 2)

Plantarflexes ankle joint

Question 9

Deep Muscles - Popliteus

Answer 9

Lateral condyle of femur
(Pit for popliteus) and Lateral meniscus

→Popliteal area of tibia (above soleal line)

Tibial n. (L4, 5, S1)

Unlocks knee joint by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia

Question 10

Deep Muscles – Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 10

Posterior Surface of Tibia

→Base of distal Phalanx of digits 2-4

Tibial nerve (L5, S1, 2)

Flexes lateral 4 digits
Weak plantarflexor of ankle

Question 11

Deep Muscles – Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 11

Posterior Surface of Fibula

→Base of distal Phalanx of Hallux

Tibial nerve (L5, S1, 2)

Flexes Hallux
Weak plantarflexor of ankle

Question 12

Deep Muscles – Tibialis Posterior

Answer 12

Posterior Surface of Tibia and Fibula, Interosseous membrane

→Tuberosity of Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid, Sustentaculum tali of Calcaneus, base of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Metatarsals

Tibial nerve (L4, 5)

Plantarflexes ankle
Inverts foot

Question 13

Tibialis Posterior tendon passes ….to what ?

Answer 13

Tibialis Posterior tendon passes deep to Flexor Digitorum Longus
Groove posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 14

Medial to lateral arrangements of tendons at ankle joint:

Answer 14

Tibialis posterior, Flexor Digitorium Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus

(Tom, Dick and Harry 0

Question 15

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 15

Medial malleolus → Calcaneous

Posterior tibial vessels and tibial nerve found between FDL and FHL tendons

Question 16

Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 16

Terminal branch of popliteal artery

Between heads of gastrocnemius and deep to soleus to run on surface of TP and FDL

Question 17

What artery does posterior tibial give as a branch?

Answer 17

Fibular artery

Question 18

Where does the posterior tibular artery terminate?

Answer 18

Terminates as medial and lateral plantar arteries in the foot

Question 19

Fibular artery

Answer 19

Runs medial to fibula, usually within FHL

Question 20

Tibial nerve

Answer 20

Passes between the heads of gastrocnemius and deep to tendinous arch of soleus, with Posterior Tibial a.

Between FHL and FDL at the ankle jt.

Gives terminal branches that supply the sole of the foot: Medial and Lateral Plantar nerves

Question 21

What do the distal end of the tibia and fibula form?

Answer 21

Malleolar Mortise

Question 22

what does malleolar mortise articulate with?

Answer 22

Trochlea of the Talus

Question 23

dorsiflexion degree of movement

Answer 23

20- 30 o

Question 24

plantarflexion degree of movement

Answer 24

30-50 o

Question 25

Lateral collateral ligaments

Answer 25

Anterior Talofibular → neck of talus

Posterior Talofibular → lateral tubercle of talus

Calcaneofibular →
lateral surface of calcaneous

Question 26

Medial collateral ligament (deltoid) fans our from where?

Answer 26

medial malleolus

Question 27

How many parts are there to the medial collateral ligament and what are they called?

Answer 27

4 parts

1) Anterior Tibiotalar
2) Tibionavicular
3) Tibiocalcaneal
4) Posterior Tibiotalar