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Anatomy > Posterior Forearm & Hand > Flashcards

Posterior Forearm & Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superficial layer of muscles for the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Anconeus

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2
Q

Brachioradialis origin

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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3
Q

Brachioradialis insertion

A

Distal end of the radius near the styloid process

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4
Q

Brachioradialis actions

A

Flexes the forearm. It also partially supinates from a fully pronated position

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5
Q

Posterior muscle group of the forearm is innervated by what nerve?

A

Radial nerve

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6
Q

Posterior muscle group of the forearm is supplied by what?

A

Posterior interosseous artery

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7
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge

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8
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

Base of second metacarpal

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9
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus actions

A

Extends and abducts the hand. Weakly flexes the forearm

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10
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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11
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

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12
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis actions

A

Extends and weakly abducts the hand. Assists in extending the forearm.

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13
Q

Extensor digitorum origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

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14
Q

Extensor digitorum insertion

A

Tendons go to digits 2, 3, 4, and often 5. Each tendon inserts on the base of the proximal phalanx and then splits into a central band to the base of the middle phalanx and two side bands (collateral bands) to the base of the distal phalanx

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15
Q

Extensor digitorum actions

A

Extension at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (PIP, DIP). Over 180 degrees of MCP joint, extending IP joints need lumbricals and interossei. Assists in extending the wrist and forearm.

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16
Q

Extensor digiti minimi origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

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17
Q

Extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

Joins extensor digitorum of 5th finger

18
Q

Extensor digiti minimi actions

A

Extension at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (PIP, DIP) on digit 5. Over 180 degrees of MCP joint, extending IP joints need lumbricals and interossei. Assists in extending the wrist and forearm.

19
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

Lateral epicondyle and posterior border of the ulna

20
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

Base of the 5th metacarpal

21
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris actions

A

Extends and adducts the wrist. Assists in extending the forearm.

22
Q

Anconeus origin

A

Posterior side of the lateral epicondyle

23
Q

Anconeus insertion

A

Lateral side of the proximal part of the ulna, including the olecranon process

24
Q

Anconeus actions

A

Assists triceps in extending the forearm. Stabilizes the elbow joints. Abducts the ulna during pronation

25
Q

What are the deep layer muscles of the posterior forearm?

A

Supinator, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor indicis

26
Q

Supinator origin

A

Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral ligament of the elbow, and lateral side of the proximal part of the ulna

27
Q

Supinator insertion

A

Spirals around the proximal part of the radius to insert on its posterior, lateral, and anterior sides

28
Q

Supinator actions

A

Supinates forearm by swiveling radius; less powerful supination than biceps brachii unless forearm is extended

29
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origin

A

Posterior side of the interosseous membrane and adjacent parts of the radius and/or ulna

30
Q

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

A

Base of the 1st metacarpal, laterally

31
Q

Abductor pollicis longus actions

A

Abducts and extends the 1st carpometacarpal (CM) joint and abducts the hand

32
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis origin

A

Posterior side of the interosseous membrane and adjacent parts of the radius and/or ulna

33
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis insertion

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

34
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis actions

A

Extends CM and MCP joints of thumb and abducts the hand

35
Q

Extensor pollicis longus origin

A

Posterior side of the interosseous membrane and adjacent parts of the radius and/or ulna

36
Q

Extensor pollicis longus insertion

A

Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

37
Q

Extensor pollicis longus actions

A

Extends all joints of the thumb (CM, MCP, IP). Also extends the hand. Tendon bends around the dorsal tubercle of the radius

38
Q

Extensor indicis origin

A

Posterior side of the interosseous membrane and adjacent parts of the radius and/or ulna

39
Q

Extensor indicis insertion

A

Joins extensor digitorum tendon to index finger

40
Q

Extensor indicis actions

A

Extension at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (PIP, DIP) on digit 2. Over 180 degrees of MCP joint, extending IP joints need lumbricals and interossei. Assists in extending the wrist and forearm.

41
Q

What muscles are part of the outcropping muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, anatomical snuffbox. Their tendons emerge (outcrop) between tendons and superficial muscles

Anatomy (6 decks)

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