GA19 Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Level of kidneys
T12-L3, right kidney is lower than the left kidney
Inferior pole of the kidney is palpable or non palable?
Palpable
Superior pole of the kidney is palpable or non palpable?
No, under the cover of the ribs
Kidneys are located within what type of fat?
Retroperitoneal fat
Renal fascia is
Fibrous connective tissues condensation that encloses the kidney and some fat
Perirenal fat
Fat between the kidney and renal fascia, surrounds and helps protect the kidney
Pararenal fat
Located outside of the renal fat
Fibrous capsule is part of the
Kidney
Hilus or hilum is a location on the kidney where
Vessels, etc. enter or leave the kidney.
Sinus (kidney) is the
Space surrounding these vessels near the hilum
Renal pyramids
14 or so in each kidney
Renal pyramids base is
Towards the cortex
Renal pyramids apex is
The papilla that projects into the minor calyx
Renal column consists of
Cortical tissue that extends into the medullary part of the kidney
Minor calyx
A dozen or so large collecting ducts of each pyramid empty at a papilla into the minor calyx, which is the first part of the drainage system
Two or more minor calyxes untie to form a
Major calyx
Two or sometimes three major calyxes unites to form the
Renal pelvix, which drains into the ureter
Blood supply to the kidney
Renal artery
At the hilus, the renal artery divides into
Segmental branches (usually 5 each kidney). Each segmental artery is an end artery, no anastomoses
If renal artery was blocked, or had no bloody supply…
Ischemic because it does not anastomose
Venous drainage of the kidney is to the
IVC via the renal vein
Nerve supply of the kidney
Renal (aorticorenal) plexus
Kidney nerve supply
Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the aorticorenal ganglion
Visceral sensory fibers for pain travel along-side sympathetic motor
Ureter
Muscular drainage tube leading from the renal pelvis to the posterior side of the urinary bladder
