GA19 Posterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Level of kidneys

Answer 1

T12-L3, right kidney is lower than the left kidney

Question 2

Inferior pole of the kidney is palpable or non palable?

Answer 2

Palpable

Question 3

Superior pole of the kidney is palpable or non palpable?

Answer 3

No, under the cover of the ribs

Question 4

Kidneys are located within what type of fat?

Answer 4

Retroperitoneal fat

Question 5

Renal fascia is

Answer 5

Fibrous connective tissues condensation that encloses the kidney and some fat

Question 6

Perirenal fat

Answer 6

Fat between the kidney and renal fascia, surrounds and helps protect the kidney

Question 7

Pararenal fat

Answer 7

Located outside of the renal fat

Question 8

Fibrous capsule is part of the

Answer 8

Kidney

Question 9

Hilus or hilum is a location on the kidney where

Answer 9

Vessels, etc. enter or leave the kidney.

Question 10

Sinus (kidney) is the

Answer 10

Space surrounding these vessels near the hilum

Question 11

Renal pyramids

Answer 11

14 or so in each kidney

Question 12

Renal pyramids base is

Answer 12

Towards the cortex

Question 13

Renal pyramids apex is

Answer 13

The papilla that projects into the minor calyx

Question 14

Renal column consists of

Answer 14

Cortical tissue that extends into the medullary part of the kidney

Question 15

Minor calyx

Answer 15

A dozen or so large collecting ducts of each pyramid empty at a papilla into the minor calyx, which is the first part of the drainage system

Question 16

Two or more minor calyxes untie to form a

Answer 16

Major calyx

Question 17

Two or sometimes three major calyxes unites to form the

Answer 17

Renal pelvix, which drains into the ureter

Question 18

Blood supply to the kidney

Answer 18

Renal artery

Question 19

At the hilus, the renal artery divides into

Answer 19

Segmental branches (usually 5 each kidney). Each segmental artery is an end artery, no anastomoses

Question 20

If renal artery was blocked, or had no bloody supply…

Answer 20

Ischemic because it does not anastomose

Question 21

Venous drainage of the kidney is to the

Answer 21

IVC via the renal vein

Question 22

Nerve supply of the kidney

Answer 22

Renal (aorticorenal) plexus

Question 23

Kidney nerve supply

Answer 23

Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the aorticorenal ganglion
Visceral sensory fibers for pain travel along-side sympathetic motor

Question 24

Ureter

Answer 24

Muscular drainage tube leading from the renal pelvis to the posterior side of the urinary bladder