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Anatomy Week 10 BT > Posterior Abdonminal Wall, Kidney (Lecture) > Flashcards

Posterior Abdonminal Wall, Kidney (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  1. Psoas major
  2. Iliacus
  3. Quadratus lumborum
  4. Diaphragm
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2
Q

What muscles pass through an arcuate ligament of the diaphragm?

A
  1. Quadratus Lumborum - LATERAL arcuate ligament

2. Psoas Major - MEDIAL arcuate ligament

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3
Q

What ligament of the diaphragm forms the aortic hiatus?

A
  • median arcuate ligament
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4
Q

T or F: quadratus lumborum is a postural muscle for the lower trunk.

A

True

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5
Q

What forms the roof of the abdominal cavity?

A

Central tendon of the diaphragm

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6
Q

Where does the lumbar portion of the diaphragm attach?

A
  • Transverse processes of L1

- Tip of the 12th rib

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7
Q

What produces a gap in the diaphragm that allows the aorta through?

A

The left and right crus

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8
Q

What fills in the gap in the lumbar region of the diaphragm?

A

the lateral arcuate ligament

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9
Q

What muscle fibers span the aortic hiatus anterior to the aorta?

A

Median arcuate ligament

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10
Q

T or F: the pyloric plane passes through the hilum of each kidney.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

Which kidney is more inferior?

A

Right kidney

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12
Q

What structures protect the kidney?

A
  • lower ribs
  • strong renal fascia
  • fat on both sides of the renal fascia
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13
Q

What structures supply oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the kidney’s?

A

R and L renal a. and v.

  • Renal a. comes from aorta
  • Renal v. drains to the IVC
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14
Q

What is the name of the fat on the interior of the renal fascia?

A

Perirenal Fat

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15
Q

What is the name of the fat on the outside of the renal fascia?

A

Pararenal Fat

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16
Q

What part of the diaphragm does quadratus lumber pass deep to?

A

Lateral Arcuate ligament

17
Q

What passes deep to the medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm?

A
  • Psoas Major and CHAIN GANGLION
18
Q

What passes deep to the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm?

A

Aorta and vagus n.

19
Q

What happens to the central tendon when the fibers of the diaphragm contract?

A

it gets pulled down

20
Q

Where does blood supply for the adrenal come from and what supplies these branches?

A
  1. Right Superior Suprarenal a. => Inferior Phrenic a.
  2. Right middle suprarenal a. => Aorta
  3. Right inferior suprarenal a. => Renal a.
21
Q

What is the relationship of arteries to veins as they enter the renal hilum?

A

Veins anterior to Arteries

22
Q

Starting with peritoneum, what layers would you have to cut through to access the kidney?

A

Anterior —> Posterior

  1. Peritoneum
  2. Fat
  3. Renal facia (continuation of transversalis fascia)
  4. Perirenal Fat
23
Q

What layers would be punctured if taking a renal biopsy from the back?

A

Superficial —> Deep

  1. Skin
  2. Erector Spinae
  3. Quadratus Lumborum
  4. Endoabdominal (transversalis) facia
  5. PARA RENAL FAT
  6. RENAL FASCIA
  7. PERIRENAL FAT
  8. kidney
24
Q

T or F: the adrenal glands can be found within the renal fascia

A

True

25
Q

What structure deviates from the dogma that paired arterial branches supply the paired organs of the abdominal cavity?

A

The suprarenal glands - Three sets of arteries supply it

26
Q

What nerve(s) arise most superiorly from the lumbar plexus and what ventral nerve root(s) give rise to it/these?

A
  • Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nn.
  • L1
    Note: these often arise together as single nerve and may or may not split
27
Q

What are the branches of the lumbar plexus?

A
  1. Ilioinguinal (L1)
  2. Iliohypogastric (L2)
  3. Genitofemoral (L1/L2)
  4. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous (L2/L3)
  5. Femoral (L2-L4)
  6. Obturator (L2-L4)
  7. Lumbrosacral trunk (L4/L5)
28
Q

What 3 nerves of the lumbar plexus run along the surface of iliacus and what is their arrangment?

A

Lateral —> Medial

  1. Femoral n.
  2. Obturator n.
  3. Lumbosacral trunk

Anatomy Week 10 BT (6 decks)

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