Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Kidney location
Posterior abdomen behind (retroperitoneal) the peritoneum
Psoas major
- Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- Function: with iliacus, flexes thigh and trunk, laterally bends VC, when sitting, acts with iliacus to flex trunk
Iliacus
- Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- Function: with psoas major, flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint
Quadratus lumborum
- Extends from I border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes to iliac crest
- Functions: extends and L flexes the VC
Arterial supply
Paired arteries:
- inferior phrenic
- suprarenal
- renal
- gonadal - ovarian or testicular (pass A to ureters)
- lumbar
- common iliac
Venous drainage
- Right gonadal (testicular/ovarian) vein
- Right and left renal veins
- Right and left common iliac veins
- Hepatic veins
Lumbar plexus
A rami of L1-L4 nerves, forms in P part of psoas major and provides general sensory and motor innervation to skin and muscles
Iliohypogastric and ilio-inguinal
to abdominal muscles and skin of pubic and inguinal regions
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
to skin on the AL surface of the thigh
Genitofemoral
motor to cremaster muscle and sensory to skin I and M to inguinal ligament
Obturator
to thigh adductor muscles
Femoral
to hip flexor and knee extensor muscles
Lumbosacral trunk
participates in the formation of the sacral
plexus with the anterior rami of S1-S4 nerves
Aneurysm
rupture of the abdominal aorta causes severe pain in the abdomen or back. If unrecognized, 90% mortality rate due to heavy blood loss.
- Surgical repairs include opening of the aneurysm, inserting a prosthetic graft, and sewing the wall of the aneurysmal aorta over the graft to protect it
Adrenal glands
Positioned between the diaphragm and SM aspects of kidneys
- enclosed by renal fascia
- Right gland: contact the liver and IVC.
- Left gland: contacts the stomach, spleen, and pancreas
