Poster 10: Hantavirus

Question 1

target cells

Answer 1

• vascular endothelial cells, alveolar macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells

Question 2

activation

Answer 2

1. recognition by macrophages or DCs induces pro-inflammatory cytokines
2. endothelial cells change from anti to pro adhesive
3. pro adhesive ECs bind to monocytes and platelets
4. activated MOs and PLTs promote coagulation

Question 3

infection

Answer 3

1. infected ECs display viral glycoproteins which bind to interns
2. results in release of NETS and increased activation of PLTs, causing inflammation and excessive formation of immunothrombosis
3. complement and contact pathway activations contribute to vascular leakage

Question 4

clinical signs

Answer 4

• 2-4 weeks after exposure
• prodromal: fever, chills, fatigue, dry cough, headache, nausea, vomiting
• shock: pulmonary edema, respiratory distress, rapid breathing and heart hypoxia
• diuretic
• convalescent: prolonged weakness, fatigue, impaired diffusion capacity in lungs

Question 5

ecological contributing factors

Answer 5

• atypical amounts of rainfall led to increased crop production allowing proliferation of rodent reservoirs
• habitat fragmentation and loss of diversity has led to distribution of reservoir species around Panama
• expansion of agriculture and overgrazing contributed to deforestation

Question 6

control strategies

Answer 6

• longitudinal studies of reservoir rodent populations
• educational campaigns
• promoting risk reduction
• rodent control
• outbreak communication centre