post war quiz study Flashcards
What did the Allies decide at the Yalta Conference?
What did the Allies decide at the Yalta Conference?
How did the Potsdam Conference hurt Soviet-U.S. relations?
significantly strained Soviet-U.S. relations, accelerating the transition from wartime allies to Cold War adversaries
What was the purpose of putting all of the great powers on the security council of the UN?
to ensure that the United Nations could effectively address threats to international peace and security
Satellite nations
countries in Eastern Europe that were formally independent but heavily influenced and controlled by the Soviet Union, particularly in political, economic, and military matters.
Iron Curtain
a political and military barrier that divided Europe into communist-controlled Eastern Europe and democratic Western Europe during the Cold War
What did George Kennan propose in the Long Telegram?
“containment” to counter Soviet expansion, arguing that the Soviet Union’s inherently expansionist tendencies needed to be countered through long-term, patient, and firm resistance.
What were the goals of the Truman Doctrine?
The Truman Doctrine’s goals were to contain the spread of communism and support democratic nations.
What were the goals of the Marshall Plan?
economic recovery, preventing the spread of communism, and creating stable democratic governments in Europe
Why was NATO formed?
to provide collective security against the perceived threat of Soviet expansion and to prevent the resurgence of nationalist militarism in Europe
At what latitude was Korea divided into two nations after World War II?
38°N
Why did President Truman fire General MacArthur during the Korean War?
President Harry S. Truman fired General Douglas MacArthur on April 11, 1951 because MacArthur publicly contradicted Truman’s policies and defied orders.
What sentence was given to Ethel and Julius Rosenberg?
sentenced to death
Who was Joseph McCarthy?
A republican U.S. senete that made a speech that he had a list of “members of the Communist Party and members of a spy ring”
Describe the McCarran Act?
It strengthened laws against espionage, limited free speech for national security reasons, and allowed for the investigation and deportation of immigrants accused of promoting Communism or engaging in subversive activities.
What were the effects of McCarthyism?
Many people suffered loss of employment and the destruction of their careers and livelihoods as a result of the crackdowns on suspected communists, and some were outright imprisoned.
How did the Cold War affect popular culture in the 1950’s?
influencing everything from entertainment and media to social values and anxieties, with themes of anti-communism, nuclear war, and patriotism dominating the era.
Francis Gary Powers
Francis Gary Powers is known for piloting a CIA U-2 spy plane that was shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960, leading to the U-2 incident
How did President Eisenhower change defense spending?
The United States built up a stockpile of nuclear weapons and nuclear delivery systems to deter military threats and save money while cutting back on expensive Army combat units.
Describe Massive retaliation
a military strategy that involves responding to an attack with a much stronger counterattack, especially using nuclear weapons
Sputnik/ Space Race
a period of intense competition between the US and the USSR in space exploration and technology, fueled by Cold War tensions.
What was Brinkmanship?
a foreign policy strategy where a nation pushes a dangerous situation to the brink of conflict to gain an advantage, often by making an opponent believe they are willing to risk war to achieve their goals
How did Eisenhower decide to prevent Communists from staging revolutions inside other countries?
containment and covert operations, relying on the CIA to counter communist expansion and support friendly governments
Why did Eisenhower warn Americans about the military-industrial complex?
we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex.
