Post Vocabulary Alpha 2016 Pt. 2 Flashcards
NLRB v. Weingarten
Landmark 1975 U.S. labor relations case that dealt with the right of a unionized employee to have another person present during certain investigatory interviews.
Nominal group technique
Group of individuals who meet face-to-face to forecast ideas and assumptions and prioritize issues.
Nonexempt employees
Employees covered under U. S. Fair Labor Standards Act regulations, including minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.
Occupational illness
Medical condition or disorder, other than one resulting from an occupational injury, caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.
Occupational injury
Injury that results from a work-related accident or exposure involving a single incident in the work environment.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
U.S. agency that administers and enforces the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act
U.S. act that established the first national policy for safety and health and continues to deliver standards that employers must meet to guarantee the health and safety of their employees.
Offshoring
Situation in which a company relocates processes or production to an international location by means of subsidiaries or third-party affiliates.
Older Workers Benefit Protection Act (OWBPA)
U.S. act that amended the Age Discrimination in Employment Act to include all employee benefits; also provided standards that an employee’s waiver of the right to sue for age discrimination must meet in order to be upheld by a court.
Onboarding
Programs that help employees develop positive working relationships with coworkers; encompass orientation as well as the first months of an employee’s tenure in a position.
On-the-job training (OJT)
Training provided to employees at the work site utilizing demonstration and performance of job tasks.
Organizational culture
The basic beliefs and customs shared by members of an organization that contribute to an organization’s sense of its identity.
Organizational development
Process of enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization and the well-being of its members through planned interventions.
Organizational learning
Certain types of learning activities or processes that may occur at any one of several levels in an organization.
Organizational values
Beliefs that are important to an organization and often dictate employee behavior.
Orientation
Process in which a new employee becomes familiar with an organization as well as his or her department, coworkers, and the job.
Outsourcing
Contracting with third-party vendors to provide selected services/activities.
Overtime pay
Required for nonexempt workers under U. S Fair Labor Standards Act at 1.5 times the regular rate of pay for hours over 40 in a workweek.
Paired comparison
Job evaluation method in which each job is compared with every other job being evaluated; the job with the largest number of “greater than” rankings is the highest-ranked job, etc.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)
2010 U.S. law that requires virtually all citizens and legal residents to have minimum health coverage and requires employers with more than 50 full-time employees to provide health coverage that meets minimum benefit specifications or pay a penalty.
Pay compression
Occurs when there is only a small difference in pay between employees regardless of their experience, skills, level, or seniority; also known as salary compression.
Pay equity
Fairness of compensation and benefits paid to employees.
Pay for performance (P4P, PfP)
Situation where an individual’s performance on the job is the basis for the amount and timing of pay increases; also called merit pay or performance-based pay.
Pay grades
Used to group jobs that have approximately the same relative internal or external worth and are paid at the same rate or within the same pay range.
Pay ranges
Set the upper and lower bounds of possible compensation for individuals whose jobs fall within a pay grade.
Pedagogy
Study of the education of children.
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC)
Set up by U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act to insure payment of benefits in the event that a private-sector defined benefit pension plan terminates with insufficient funds to pay the benefits.
Performance appraisal
Process of measuring employees’ adherence to performance standards and providing feedback.
Performance-based pay
Situation where an individual’s performance on the job is the basis for the amount and timing of pay increases; also called merit pay or pay for performance
Performance bonus
One-time payment made to an employee; also called a lump-sum increase (LSI).
Performance management
Process of maintaining/improving employee job performance.
Performance standards
Expectations of management translated into behaviors and results that employees can deliver.
Perquisites
Special incidental payments, benefits, or privileges given to individual employees, over and above their regular rewards.
Person-based pay
Pay systems in which employee characteristics, rather than the job, determine pay.
Phillips v. Martin Marietta Corporation
1971 U.S. case that stated that an employer may not, in the absence of business necessity, refuse to hire women with preschool-aged children while hiring men with such children.
Picketing
Positioning of employees at a place of work targeted for the action for the purpose of protest.
Pilot programs
Learning/development programs offered initially in a controlled environment with a segment of the target audience.
Pluralism
Type of labor environment in which multiple forces are at work, each with its own agenda, and conflict is overcome through negotiation.
Point-factor system
Job evaluation method that looks at compensable factors (such as skills and working conditions) that reflect how much a job adds value to the organization; points are assigned to each factor and then added to come up with an overall point value for the job.
Portal-to-Portal Act
U.S. act that defines what is included as hours worked and is therefore compensable and a factor in calculating overtime.
Pregnancy Discrimination Act
U.S. act that prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.
Premiums
Payments in return for the achievement of specific, time-limited, targeted objectives.
Primacy error
Occurs when an appraiser gives more weight to an employee’s earlier performance and discounts recent occurrences.
Principal-agent problem
Situation in which an agent (e.g., an employee) makes decisions for a principal (e.g., an employer) potentially on the basis of personal incentives that may not be aligned with the agent’s incentives.
Process alignment
Extent to which underlying operations such as IT, finance, or HR integrate across locations.
Productivity-based pay
Pay based on the quantity of work and outputs that can be accurately measured.
Product structure
Organizational structure in which functional departments are grouped under major product divisions.
Protected class
People who are covered under a particular federal or state antidiscrimination law.
Prudent person rule
States that an Employee Retirement Income Security Act plan fiduciary has legal and financial obligations not to take more risks when investing employee benefit program funds than a reasonably knowledgeable, prudent investor would under similar circumstances.
Public comment period
Time allowed for the public to express its views and concerns regarding an action of an administrative agency.
Quid pro quo harassment
Type of sexual harassment that occurs when an employee is forced to choose between giving in to a superior’s sexual demands and forfeiting an economic benefit such as a pay increase, a promotion, or continued employment.
Radicalism
Belief that management-labor conflict is an inherent characteristic of capitalism and can be resolved only with a change in the economic system.
Realistic job preview (RJP)
Part of the selection process that provides an applicant with honest and complete information about a job and the work environment.
Reasonable accommodation
Modifications or adjustments to a job or job application process that accommodate persons with disabilities but do not impose a disproportionate or undue burden on the employer.
Recency error
Error that occurs when an appraiser gives more weight to recent occurrences and discounts an employee’s earlier performance during the appraisal period.
Recruitment
Process of encouraging candidates to apply for job openings.
Red-circle rates
Situations in which employees’ pay is above the range maximum.
Redeployment
Process by which an organization moves an employee out of an international assignment; can involve moving back to the home country, moving to a different global location, or moving to a new location or position in the current host country.
Regression analysis
Statistical method used to determine whether a relationship exists between variables and the strength of the relationship.
