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Science > Post test First Sem > Flashcards

Post test First Sem Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the Earth’s lithosphere

A

Crust and upper part of the mantle

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2
Q

Thickness of crust

A

5-50km

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3
Q

The crust is thickest at _______ and thinnest along _______

A

relatively young mountain; ocean floor

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4
Q

_______ crust is thicker but less dense while ________ crust is thinner but denser

A

Continental crust; Oceanic crust

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5
Q

True or False

Plates move slowly but constantly and this movement is called tectonics.

A

True

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6
Q

The theory of moving lithospheric plates is called _________

A

Plate Tectonics

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7
Q

Finding the epicenter of the earthquake using the records of its arrival time from three recording stations

A

Triangulation method

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8
Q

Types of Plate Boundaries

A

Divergent, Convergent, Transform

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9
Q

Describe plate movement

Divergent boundary

A

Plates move apart

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10
Q

Describe plate movement

Convergent

A

Plates move towards each other

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11
Q

Describe plate movement

Transform

A

Plates slide or grind past each other

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12
Q

Best example of transform plate boundary

A

San Andreas fault
(bounded by the North American plate and Pacific plate)

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13
Q

Identify the plate boundary

Philippine plate and Eurasian plate

A

Convergent

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14
Q

Three types of Convergent plate boundary

A

Continental : Oceanic
Continental : Continental
Oceanic : Oceanic

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15
Q

Identify the type of Convergent plate boundary

Formation of Volcanic Arc

A

Continental : Oceanic

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16
Q

Identify the type of Convergent plate boundary

Formation of Volcanic Island Arc

A

Oceanic: Oceanic

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17
Q

What causes the magma to become less dense hence allowing it rise?

A

Volatile material such as water

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18
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Earthquakes

A

Convergent, Divergent, Transform

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19
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Conservative

A

Transform

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20
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Destructive

A

Divergent

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21
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Constructive

A

Convergent

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22
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Philippine archipelago

A

Oceanic : Oceanic
Convergent plate boundary

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23
Q

Identify the type of Convergent plate boundary

Formations of trenches

A

Oceanic : Oceanic
Continental : Oceanic

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24
Q

Which plate subducts?
Oceanic or Continental

A

Oceanic

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25
Q

Define subduction

A

Bending of crust towards the mantle

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26
Q

Identify the type of Convergent plate boundary

Formation of collision zone

A

Continental : Continental

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27
Q

Identify the type of Convergent plate boundary

Formation of mountain ranges

A

Continental : Continental

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28
Q

Best example of Continental : Continental Convergent plate boundary

A

The Himalayas

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29
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Formation of rift valleys

A

Divergent

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30
Q

Identify the type of plate boundary

Formation of mid-ocean ridge/Oceanic ridges

A

Divergent

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31
Q

Where are most divergent boundaries situated along?

A

Underwater mountain ranges called oceanic ridges

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32
Q

What is produced in a divergent plate boundary?

A

New ocean floor

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33
Q

Spreading rate at ridges

A

2-20cm per year

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34
Q

Example of spreading center which causes divergence of the South American plate and the African plate

A

Mid-Atlantic Ocean ridge

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35
Q

What plate boundary resembles strike slip fault?

A

Transform

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36
Q

Vibration of Earth due to the rapid release of energy

A

Earthquakes

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37
Q

A break in a rock along which movement has occurred

A

Fault

38
Q

Any break in a rock in which no significant movement has taken place

A

Fracture

39
Q

Device used to record earthquake waves

A

Seismograph

40
Q

Depression in the seafloor produced by subduction process

A

Trench

41
Q

Three layers of the Earth

A

Crust, Mantle, Core

42
Q

Energy radiating in all directions from the focus in the form of waves

A

Seismic waves

43
Q

2 main types of seismic waves

A

Body waves and Surface waves

44
Q

Identify the type of wave

Only travel through the surface of the Earth

A

Surface waves

45
Q

Identify the type of wave

Only travel through the surface of the Earth

A

Surface waves

46
Q

Identify the type of wave

Arrives after P and S waves

A

Surface waves

47
Q

Identify the type of wave

Two types of surface waves

A

Love waves and Rayleigh waves

48
Q

Identify the type of wave

Faster than Rayleigh wave and moves the ground in a side to side horizontal motion

A

Love waves

49
Q

Identify the type of wave

Causes the most damage to structures during earthquake

A

Love waves

50
Q

Identify the type of wave

rolls along the ground like a wave and moves the ground either ups and down or side to side similar direction to the wave’s movement

A

Rayleigh waves

51
Q

Identify the type of wave

Most of the shaking felt from an earthquake is due to this wave

A

Rayleigh wave

52
Q

Identify the type of wave

Travels through Earth’s inner layers

A

Body waves

53
Q

Identify the type of wave

Have higher frequency than surface waves

A

Body waves

54
Q

Identify the type of wave

Two types of Body waves

A

P waves and S waves

55
Q

Identify the type of wave

Pulse energy that travels quickly through the Earth and through liquids

A

P waves

56
Q

True or False

P waves travel faster than S waves

A

True

57
Q

Identify the type of wave

Also called compressional waves
Travel by particles vibrating parallel to the direction the wave travel

A

P waves

58
Q

Identify the type of wave

Force the ground to move backward and forward as they are compressed and expanded

A

P waves

59
Q

Identify the type of wave

Travels through solid liquid and gas

A

P waves

60
Q

Identify the type of wave

Pulse energy that travels slower than P waves through Earth and solids

A

S waves

61
Q

Identify the type of wave

Move as shear or transverse waves and force the ground to sway from side to side in rolling motion that shakes the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction of the waves

A

S waves

62
Q

What led the seismologists to the idea that the outer core is liquid?

A

S waves cannot travel through liquids

63
Q

Point in the Earth’s surface directly above the focus

A

Epicenter

64
Q

Thinnest and outermost layer of the Earth and its thickness

A

Crust (32-72km)

65
Q

Thickness of continental crust

A

35-40 km

66
Q

Thickness of continental crust

A

35-40 km

67
Q

Thickness of oceanic crust

A

7-10 km

68
Q

Continental crust is made of less dense rocks such as ________

A

granite

69
Q

Oceanic crust is made of dense rocks such as ________

A

Basalt

70
Q

Which is heavier? Oceanic or Continental

A

Oceanic

71
Q

Matle is mainly made up of _______

A

Silicate rocks

72
Q

Thickness of mantle

A

2900km

73
Q

True or False

Mantle is liquid

A

False
Mantle is solid

74
Q

Thickness of lithosphere

A

50-100km

75
Q

Soft weak upper portion of the mantle beneath the lithosphere

A

Asthenosphere

76
Q

Thickness of core and its composition

A

2250 km

Made up of iron and nickel

77
Q

Thickness and composition of inner core

A

1300km

Solid iron and nickel

78
Q

Process solidifying liquids subjected under tremendous pressure

A

Pressure freezing

79
Q

Hot, less dense material from below the Earth’s crust rises towards the surface at the mid-ocean ridge

A

Seafloor spreading theory

80
Q

Boundary that separates crust and mantle

A

Mohorovicic Discontinuity

81
Q

Movements that shape the Earth’s crust

A

Tectonics

82
Q

Current in the mantle because of the heat from the inner layers of the Earth, and is the force that drives the plates to move around

A

convection current

83
Q

Which two waves lie at the end of the visible spectrum?

A

Infrared and UV rays

84
Q

In the visible spectrum, which color has the longest wavelength?

A

Red

85
Q

Which property spells the difference between infrared and UV radiation?

A

wavelength

86
Q

What EM wave is used in radar?

A

Microwaves

87
Q

What EM wave is used in radar?

A

Microwaves

88
Q

Disturbance that transfers energy

A

wave

89
Q

Who formulated the Electromagnetic wave Theory?
(states that an oscillating electric current should be capable of radiating energy in the form of electromagnetic waves)

A

James Clerk Maxwell

90
Q

Relationship of wavelength, frequency, and energy in the EM spectrum

A

wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional while frequency and energy are directly proportional

91
Q

number of cycles a wave completes in one second, expressed in Hertz

A

Frequency

92
Q

distance measured from one crest of a wave to the next crest or from one trough to the second trough

A

Wavelength

Science (2 decks)

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