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NYU Film and TV Essentials > Post production and the production business > Flashcards

Post production and the production business Flashcards

1
Q

Defined the term assembly cut?

A

An assembly cut is the first compiled version of a film, where all the scenes are put together in the order dictated by the script, with little to no refinement. It includes every shot the editor and director think might be useful, often running much longer than the final film.

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2
Q

What is mag stock?

A

Mag stock, or magnetic film, or mag track, is filmed designed to hold sound by being coated with an emulsion of magnetic oxide instead of silver halides.

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3
Q

What is a pick up?

A

Pick ups are short, carefully organized scenes with principal actors, filmed after principal photography to fill holes or augment footage already shot.

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4
Q

What is B roll?

A

B roll is footage that adds context to the film. Rather than being the main content B roll should be planned, locations scouted, different angles tried, and multiple shots logged.

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5
Q

What is meant by non-linear editing?

A

It refers to digital editing tools.

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6
Q

Why is nonlinear editing important?

A

A nonlinear approach allows the film, editor to edit and cut any portion of the film project, rather than going through the project in a sequence.

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7
Q

What is linear editing?

A

It is the sequential editing of a film project.

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8
Q

What is a moviola?

A

A Moviola (/ˌmuːviˈoʊlə/) is a device that allows a film editor to view a film while editing. It was the first machine for motion picture editing when it was invented by Iwan Serrurier in 1924.

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9
Q

What is a steenbeck flatbed?

A

Steenbeck is a company that manufactures flatbed editors. Steenbeck is a brand that has become synonymous with a type of flat bed film editing suite, which is useable with both 16 mm and 35 mm optical sound and magnetic sound film.

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10
Q

What is the title sequence?

A

The title sequence opens films and TV shows with music and opening shots designed to bring the audience into the world of the film or show, and set the purpose of the work.

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11
Q

What is a steam platform? 

A

Primarily used for playing discussing and creating of games the software on the platform also allows for film editing so it’s a powerful place to do film editing when on a tight budget.

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12
Q

What does it mean when somebody refers to spotting?

A

Spotting refers to sessions during which the Director, editor composer, and other relevant specialists determine what kind of music is needed for the film’s tone and narrative.

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13
Q

What is an uncanny valley?

A

The uncanny valley is a common unsettling, feeling people experience when androids [humanoid robots] and audio\ visual simulations closely resemble humans in many respects, but are not quite convincingly realistic.

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14
Q

What is motion capture?

A

It is a modern film technique blending animation and live performance.  Technology is used to capture a performers, movements, and facial expressions, which are then translated into animation.

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15
Q

What does verisimilitude mean?

A

From its roots, verisimilitude means basically similar to the truth. Most fiction writers and filmmakers aim at some kind, a verisimilitude to give their stories an air of reality.

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16
Q

Define resolution.

A

Resolution is a measure of the detail an image holds. Typically it refers to the number of pixels present in an image.

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17
Q

What is meant when referring to frame rates?

A

Film consists of still images, moving in rapid succession in order to produce the illusion of movement. Each image is a single frame, and the frame rate refers to how quickly the frames are moving through in terms of frames per second.

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18
Q

Above and below the line refers to what in relation to film, budgeting?

A

In film budgets, the people responsible for creative development are considered above the line, while the day-to-day filmmaking crew members are below the line.

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19
Q

What are we referring to when we talk about points in respect to film ownership?

A

And investor owns a percentage of the films, gross profit, or net profits, which is rendered as points.

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20
Q

What is the major distinction between digital editing tools, and previous film editing techniques?

A

The source footage is not affected.

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21
Q

The first edit of a film focussed on whether the footage reflects the script is referred to as what?

A

Assembly

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22
Q

As a film editor, if you end up sacrificing a clean cut for a highly charged, less clean one it can be said that you are being…

A

True to the emotion of the moment

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23
Q

What is the final major step in the film making process?

A

The mix

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24
Q

How many minutes of score does the average feature film have?

A

30 to 50

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25
Which element of a film is normally missing from the directors cut?
The score
26
What’s the name of the music and opening shots at the beginning of a film or TV show design to bring the audience into the world of the story?
The title sequence
27
Historically, what is the standard frame rate?
24 FPS
28
If you make changes to the frame rate, what must you also make corresponding changes to?
The resolution
29
True or false motion in a film is an optical illusion?
True, it’s considered to be a hack of the eye and the brain.
30
If you have a rare disorder in which you are able to see static objects, but not moving ones, what do you have?
AKINETOSPSIA
31
What is the minimum number of frames per second required to create the illusion of motion?
16 FPS
32
Thomas Edison, who we owe a debt to for the creation of lightbulbs, motion, picture film, and direct current among other things believed that this was the optimal frame rate?
Thomas Edison believe that 46 frames per second what is the optimal frame rate.
33
Silent films were filmed and projected at different FPS. What were they?
They were filmed at 16 to 18 frames per second and then projected closer to 20 to 24 frames per second.
34
Why did motion in old silent films seem so comical?
Because they were shot at 16 to 18 FPS and were sped up for projection; projecting at 20 - 24 FPS
35
What created a sudden need for a standard frame rate that all filmmakers adhered to from production to exhibition?
The advent of sync sound.
36
What phenomenon has allowed frame rates to explode into a crazy world of high speed?
The advent of digital cinema
37
What does the following acronym refer to S3DHFR?
Stereoscopic, 3-D high frame rate.
38
What does stereoscopic mean?
It means there is a picture created for each eye.
39
What budget items are deemed to be above the line?
All of the fixed costs associated with the creative elements that occur before the cameras roll
40
What are the people that are above the budget line?
The producer, the Director, the writer, and the principal actors.
41
Who are all of the people that are below the line?
All of the technical crew, including the prop department, the stunt department, costume department, SFX department, production department, etc.
42
Where would the Director of photography fall above or below the line?
Below the line
43
A film budget might be as long as 26 to 30 pages. What is the 2 to 3 page summary of that budget called?
The top sheet
44
The top sheet is divided by a line and expenses associated with the film are delineated into one of two categories. What are those categories?
Above the line and below the line.
45
What is crowd funding?
Crowdfunding is a practice of finding financing for a project by raising small amounts of money from a large number of individual donors.
46
What is the typical budget of an average independent film that is excepted at a top-tier film festival with a chance of commercial distribution?
$750,000
47
What does the acronym WGA stand for?
Writers, Guild of America
48
In the United States what is a 1099 contractor?
A person who works independently rather than for an employer.
49
What is an EDL?
An edit decision list or EDL is used in the post-production process of film editing and video editing. The list contains an ordered list of reel and timecode data representing where each video clip can be obtained in order to conform the final cut
50
What is contained in an EDL?
The edit decision list contains an ordered list of reel and timecode data representing where each video clip can be obtained in order to conform the final cut
51
What does CAMA stand for?
Collection account management agreement
52
What is a "collection account" management agreement? (Points)
It ensures that all parties with a financial interest in a film or television production, from producer to financier to profit participant, will receive their pre-agreed share of the revenues received.
53
What is a “day and date” release strategy?
It is a strategy whereby a film is released, theatrically and direct to the consumer at the same time.
54
In terms of writing, what is a step deal?
It is a type of contract, where the buyer agrees to pay the author, a certain sum of money at each step of the writing process.
55
What are the five basic steps in producing your project in a step deal?
Treatment, outline, first draft, second draft and a polish. 
56
What is a well-known saying in Hollywood in relation to screen writing, and Scripts?
Great screen plays aren’t written they’re rewritten.
57
At a certain point stipulated in the writer’s contract, the original author has the right to try and sell the project elsewhere. If the studio decides to stop pursuing the project. What is this clause called?
The turnaround clause
58
When somebody “options” a work, they traditionally buy the right to produce it for how long
One year with a possible extension.
59
A film production must secure the rights to all materials, patented or copyrighted by the creator, otherwise known as?
Intellectual property
60
What is the “VIG”?
Short for vigorish, the juice. It’s the interest paid on a loan or an investment.
61
What’s the difference between an executive producer and a line producer?
A line producer handles on set logistics, management, and supervision, while the executive producer deals more with offset issues like negotiating contracts, communicating with investors or studios, and maintaining the business face of the production.
62
Net points (a percentage of the net income as opposed to a percentage of the gross income of a film) which are what’s left over after expenses have also been referred to as what?
Monkey points.
63
Who created the term monkey points and why?
Eddie Murphy because he said anybody that takes a share of only net points is a fool.
64
When making a music video there are three distinct phases. What are they?
1) preproduction 2) production 3) post production
65
What is the name of the app to track the position of the sun to assist in lighting requirements on set?
Sun tracker AR
66
What is contained in the look book?
The lookbook has a collection of photographs designed to show how the scene, talent, and location should look.
67
What is a lighting plot?
The lighting plot provides a plan for the lighting design and prop elements of the shoot.
68
What does DIT stand for?
Digital Imaging Tech
69
What is a scratch track?
An audio track captured during principal photography that is used to sync the primary audio track.
70
During editing why do you continue to duplicate your cut?
To create different versions for every change you make.
71
What is DaVinci Resolve?
Davinci resolve is a colour grading, colour correction, visual, affects, and audio post production video editing application.
72
What does BTS stand for?
Behind The Scenes
73
What is a tech scout?
A visit to the site designed to plan for the technical elements of a video shoot.
74
What is the major distinction between non-linear and linear editing tools?
The major distinction between these tools and previous film editing techniques is that the source footage is not affected by the editing process.
75
What is mis-en-scene?
Simply put, the mise-en-scène definition is really about how everything within a frame of film is arranged. From the set and prop design to the lighting and even to how the actors are blocked throughout a scene. A good way to think about it is as everything in front of the camera.
76
What is a 50/50 camera shot?
A 50-50 shot is a composition term that usually refers to a shot where two characters are given equal visual weight in the frame, often facing each other. It’s commonly used in dialogue scenes to emphasize balance and interaction.
77
What is a Mograph?
Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage that create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects.
78
What is the difference between MoGraph and VFX?
Visual effects involve manipulating live-action footage to create realistic images, while motion graphics allow for the creation of animated designs and videos.
79
What is a flip book?
A flip book, flipbook,[1] flicker book, or kineograph is a booklet with a series of images that very gradually change from one page to the next, so that when the pages are viewed in quick succession, the images appear to animate by simulating motion or some other change.
80
True or false? Software packages and websites are also available that convert digital video files into custom-made flip books.
True.
81
While any form of experimental or abstract animation can be called motion graphics, the term typically more explicitly refers to what?
The commercial application of animation and effects to video, film, TV, and interactive applications.
82
What is 4DX cinema?
It allows films to be augmented with various practical effects, including motion-seats, wind, strobelights, simulated snow, and scents.
83
What’s the difference between a GIF animation and motion graphics?
The biggest difference between a GIF animation and a Motion Graphic is that the latter can achieve more fluid or advanced animations, while the former can only do simple animations.
84
True or false? Color, correction and colour grading are the same thing?
False. In film production, color correction and color grading are both part of the post-production process, but they serve different purposes.
85
What is colour correction?
This is the process of adjusting footage to achieve a natural and balanced look. It involves fixing issues like incorrect white balance, exposure problems, contrast inconsistencies, and color casts. The goal is to ensure that all shots in a scene look consistent and true to life.
86
What is colour grading?
This is a more stylistic process that comes after color correction. It involves enhancing or altering the color palette of a film to create a specific mood, tone, or artistic effect. Color grading can make a film look warm and nostalgic, cold and futuristic, dark and moody, or any other aesthetic that supports the story.
87
True or false? Colour correction is more of a technical process while colour grading is more of a stylistic treatment.
True
88
In film production, how would you define bottom tier music licensing?
In film production, bottom-tier music licensing typically refers to the most affordable and least exclusive forms of music licensing. This tier is often used by indie filmmakers, low-budget productions, student films, and small commercial projects.
89
What is a 9x16 16x9 and 1x1 resize
These terms refer to aspect ratios, which define the width-to-height ratio of an image or video frame. They are commonly used when resizing content for different platforms. • 9×16 (Vertical Video) – A tall, portrait-style aspect ratio often used for mobile content on platforms like TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts. Example: 1080×1920 pixels. • 16×9 (Widescreen) – The standard landscape format for most modern films, TV shows, and YouTube videos. Example: 1920×1080 pixels (Full HD). • 1×1 (Square) – A perfect square aspect ratio, commonly used on Instagram posts and some social media ads. Example: 1080×1080 pixels. Each ratio serves a different purpose, depending on where the content will be viewed.
90
When editing something like a trailer what does the term cut down refer to?
“Cut Down” – Refers to a shorter, more concise version of a longer trailer or video. Cut-downs are often created for different platforms, like TV spots, social media ads, or teaser versions.
91
Are there guidelines for film trailer length and what are the 5 types of trailers?
Yes, there are general guidelines for trailer length: • Theatrical Trailers: Typically 1.5 to 2.5 minutes. The MPAA (in the U.S.) limits studio trailers to 2 minutes and 30 seconds, with one exception per year. • Teasers: Usually 30 to 60 seconds—shorter, more cryptic, and meant to build anticipation. • Indie Film Trailers: Often fall within 1.5 to 2 minutes, but can be shorter depending on the target audience and distribution method. • Festival/Art House Trailers: Sometimes even shorter (60–90 seconds) to maintain intrigue. • Online/Social Media Trailers: Can be 10–60 seconds, especially for platforms like Instagram or TikTok. For a horror indie film, keeping it between 1.5 to 2 minutes is usually ideal—enough to establish the tone and key visuals without giving too much away.
92
True or false? The MPAA limits Studios to one theatrical trailer per year that exceeds 2 1/2 minutes.
True

NYU Film and TV Essentials (5 decks)

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