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VPH > Post-mortem inspection > Flashcards

Post-mortem inspection Flashcards

1
Q

Why perform a post-mortem inspection?

A
  • To supplement the ante-mortem inspection
  • To detect
    • diseases
    • residues and contaminants
  • To identify other reasons why the carcass or parts of it are unfit for human consumption
  • For animal welfare
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2
Q

What are the possible outcomes of a PM?

A

✅ The OV/MHI passes the meat as fit for human consumption

❌ The OV/MHI declares the meat unfit for human consumption

⚠️ The OV/MHI detains the meat for further examination

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3
Q

When should do more than just visually examine a pig at PM?

A
  • If the pig was marked at ante-mortem e.g. tail bites
  • If you see the following at PM:
    • Multiple abscesses
    • Enlarged lymph nodes (suspect TB)
    • Anaemia
    • Badly bled
    • Contamination with gut content
    • Emaciation
    • Oedema
    • Erysipelas
    • Generalised TB
    • Tumours
    • Melanosis
    • Jaundice
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4
Q

What do you need to inspect at sheep PM?

A
  • Visual inspection followed by:
    • Palpation of lungs, liver and heart
    • Incision of the liver
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5
Q

True/false: at post-mortem examination of a pig, the lymph nodes must be incised.

A

False

If the pig was healthy at ante-mortem, a visual inspection of the carcass is adequate.

If the pig had tail bites, respiratory conditions, abscesses or other conditions like erysipelas, must tell MHIs to do FIPs. This includes incision of lymph nodes, palpation of lungs and liver.

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6
Q

True/false: at post-mortem examination of cattle, a visual inspection is adequate.

A

False

At cattle PM, there must always be palpation of the mesenteric lymph nodes, some incision of lymph nodes, masseter muscles, palpation and incision of the liver, heart and lungs.

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7
Q

True/false: roadkill is fit for human consumption.

A

False: roadkill is unfit for human consumption as the animal’s health status is unknown.

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8
Q

What broad steps do PM inspections follow?

A
  1. Inspection of the head
  2. Inspection of offal (green and red)
  3. Inspection of the carcass

This process takes into account to AM inspection and the FCI.

This takes place without delay after slaughter and pays particular attention to the detection of zoonotic and notifiable diseases.

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9
Q
A

Emaciation

This requires total rejection

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10
Q
A

Bruising

This is a welfare concern

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11
Q
A

Melanosis

This is not harmful, but not eaten for aesthetic reasons. Affected parts are removed.

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12
Q
A

Abscess (this one probably from injection)

Remove the affected parts and inform the farmer

If antibiotics are suspected, test for residues

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13
Q
A

Contamination

Partial rejection if contaminated area can be trimmed

If gross contamination, reject entire carcass

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14
Q
A

Jaundice

This requires total rejection

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15
Q

How do you tell the difference between an animal that is yellow-fatted (i.e. related to diet) and one that has jaundice?

A
  • Xiphoid cut: cut into the sternal cartilage
  • If this is white, the yellowing is due to diet.
  • If the cartilage is yellow, the animal has jaundice.
  • Also, if the carcass is left overnight and gets yellower, this is jaundice.
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16
Q
A

Pyelonephritis

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17
Q
A

Actinomycosis

a.k.a. lumpy jaw

This is considered a welfare issue if left too long (painful to eat, loss of condition)

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18
Q
A

Actinobacillus (wooden tongue)

Caused by Actinobacillus lignieresi

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19
Q
A

Bovine TB

Notifiable → if suspicious (in any mammal) then inform APHA immediately

If only one part affected, rest of carcass can be passed as fit for human consumption

20
Q
A

Bovine TB (a severe case! Looks like it might be on the rumen?)

Notifiable → if suspicious (in any mammal) then inform APHA immediately

If only one part affected, rest of carcass can be passed as fit for human consumption

21
Q
A

Pericarditis

22
Q
A

Bovine leucosis

23
Q
A

Bovine leucosis on the kidney

24
Q
A

Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA)

25
Q
A

Liver abscess

26
Q
A

Liver abscess

27
Q
A

Fasciola hepatica

28
Q
A

Fasciola hepatica

29
Q
A

Muellerius capillaris

30
Q
A

Hydatid cyst

31
Q
A

Myasis

32
Q
A

Arthritis

33
Q
A

Haematoma resulting from trauma during transport

34
Q
A

Acute fluke (Fasciola hepatica) damage in an ovine liver

Pale in colour, presence of haemorrhages tracts

35
Q
A

Fasciola hepatica

Adult fluke emerging from distended hyper plastic bile ducts in a chronically infected ovine liver

36
Q
A

Fasciola hepatica

Classic “pipestem fibrosis” in a chronically infected bovine liver

37
Q
A

Fasciola hepatica

Acute fluke damage in an ovine liver

There are mottled necrotic regions and extensive haemorrhage

38
Q

Cattle with 5 permanent incisors are always…

A

Over 30 months old

39
Q

Which category ABP is a milk spot liver?

A

Category 3

40
Q

Which category ABP are inspected sheep plucks?

A

They aren’t ABP; once inspected, they are fit for human consumption.

41
Q

Which of these requires a BSE test?

  • 11 year old healthy cow presented at AM inspection
  • 6 year old bull with ringworm
  • 5 year old cow found dead on farm
  • 12 month old cow found dead in lairage
A
  • 11 year old healthy cow presented at AM inspection
  • 6 year old bull with ringworm
  • 5 year old cow found dead on farm
  • 12 month old cow found dead in lairage
42
Q

Identify this lesion and the required outcome

A

Fasciola hepatica

Partial rejection (liver)

43
Q
A

Taenia hydatigena / Cysticercus tenuicollis

Partial rejection of affected organs as Category 2

Total rejection of entire carcass (Category 2) if cysts are throughout entire body

44
Q
A

Taenia multiceps / Coenurus cerebralis

Rejection of the affected area as Category 2

45
Q
A

Taenia ovis / cysticercus ovis

Partial rejection (affected organs) as Category 2 ABP

Total rejection (entire carcass) as Category 2 is cysts are throughout the entire body

46
Q
A

Taenia saginata / Cysticercus bovis

Zoonotic⚠️

If only in 1 organ - partial rejection. Freeze carcass.

If in multiple organs - reject entire carcass as Category 2.

47
Q
A

Taenia solium / Cysticercus cellulosae

Zoonotic⚠️

Total rejection of carcass as Category 2 ABP

VPH (7 decks)

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