Animal by-products (ABP) and Specified Risk Material (SRM) Flashcards
RMOP
Required method of operation
Animal by-product
the entire body, part of an animal, or product of animal origin which is not intended for human consumption.
Once material becomes ABP, it cannot revert to being a foodstuff.
Edible co-product
Not the same time ABP!
Products intended for human consumption after further processing e.g. fats, stomachs, intestines, gelatine
What part of the sheep carcass must you stain to prevent reselling on the black market?
Sheep heads
What are the types of ABP?
- Category 1 - risk to human or animal health
- Category 2 - unfit for human or animal consumption
- Category 3 - fit but not intended for human consumption
What is Category 1 ABP?
- ABP that pose the highest risk to human or animal health. Includes all SRM.
- Animal carcasses or parts with confirmed or suspected TSEs. Animals killed in the context of TSE eradication measures.
- Animal carcasses or parts with certain diseases communicable to other animals or humans (e.g. FMD, bTB).
- Products derived from animals treated with prohibited substances.
- Dead pets, lab animal carcasses, dead zoo animals.
- International catering waste.
If Category 1 ABP has been mixed with Category 2 or 3, which category does it become?
Category 1
What is Category 2 ABP?
- Carcasses or parts of carcasses that are unfit for human or animal consumption.
- Animals that die other than by being slaughtered for human consumption (e.g. kill for disease control UNLESS this falls into Cat 1)
- Products with residues/contaminants above permitted levels.
- Carcasses from animals which arrived without FCI.
- Carcasses from animals which did not receive ante-mortem inspection.
- Manure and digestive tract contents.
- Most post-mortem rejections due to pathology (total carcass or organ rejections) unless they fall specifically into Cat 1 or 3.
What is Category 3 ABP?
- Parts that are fit but not intended for human consumption.
- Parts of the animals that passed ante-mortem inspection:
- Poultry heads and feathers
- Pig bristles
- Feet
- Hides and skins
- Horns
- Blood of pigs and poultry (if passed at AMI)
- Blood of ruminants (if passed at PMI)
- PM rejections not posing a risk to animal health e.g. over-scalded carcasses
Livers with ………………… and/or ……………. …………………… lesions are Category 3 ABP because they do not pose a risk to animal health.
- Ascaris suum
- Fasciola hepatica
True/false: financially, it is often easier for the abattoir to put Category 3 ABP into the Category 2 bin, so the Cat 3 products end up not being used.
True
How do you dispose of Category 1 ABP?
Options:
- Approved incinerators
- Pressure sterilisation followed by permanent marking and landfill
- Fuel combustion at approved combustion plant
- Burial at authorised landfill (international waste only)
How do you dispose of Category 2 ABP?
- After processing, use as fertilisers and soil improvers, or for fuel combustion, cosmetics, medical devices, and safe industrial technical uses.
- Manure can be spread onto land.
- Gut room waste can be applied to non-pasture land without any processing needed.
How do you dispose of Category 3 ABP?
- Pet food plants
- Technical plants (e.g. pharmaceutical)
- Biogas plants
- Tanneries
Where does raw food come from?
- Raw pet food comes from Category 3 ABP, but it can only be used if certain standards are adhered to. These include:
- It must be stored and transported at <7ºC
- It must be labelled as ‘pet food only’ during transport
- It must be repackaged to prevent leakage
- Must be prevented from contamination from point of production to point of sale
- Sampled for Salmonella and Enterobacteria (doesn’t happen at the abattoir)
- i.e. it is treated as though it will be human food, but is obviously not intended for humans.
True/false: all categories of ABP can go for diagnostic/research/educational/taxidermy purposes.
True
Which category ABP is an over-scalded pig carcass?
Category 3
Which category ABP is meat containing residues of unauthorised veterinary drugs?
Category 1
Regarding ABP the abattoir FBO must comply with its which regulations?
1069/2009
The FSA OV in the UK will supervise and enforce ABP regs in:
- abattoir only
- abattoir and some cutting plants
- ABP plant
- all butcher shops
- abattoir only
- abattoir and some cutting plants
- ABP plant
- all butcher shops
What colour is SRM stained in?
Blue
Which of the following tissues is SRM in a 6 month old cow:
- Skull
- Spinal cord
- Mesentery
- Spleen
- Skull
- Spinal cord
- Mesentery
- Spleen
True/false: in a pig abattoir you would not expect to have SRM.
True
Where would you put the brain from a 5 year old sheep?
Category 1
Where would you put meat containing residues of authorised veterinary drugs exceeding permitted levels?
Category 2
What sentence should be on the label after Category 3?
Unfit for human consumption
Which of these is the OV’s responsibility?
- Label the ABP bins
- Collect ABP invoices
- Stain Category 1 and 2
- Audit the ABP paperwork
- Label the ABP bins
- Collect ABP invoices
- Stain Category 1 and 2
- Audit the ABP paperwork
Where would you put this liver with C. tenuicollis?
Category 2
This sow is detained in the chiller pending results of:
- Trichinella test
- Aujezsky’s test
- Jaundice test
- Toxoplasmosis test
- Trichinella test
- Aujezsky’s test
- Jaundice test
- Toxoplasmosis test
What is considered SRM from cattle of all ages?
- Tonsils
- Last 4m of the small intestine
- Caecum
- Mesentery
What is considered SRM in cattle only over 12 months old?
- Skull excluding the mandible
- Brain
- Eyes
- Spinal cord
What is considered SRM only in cattle over 30 months old?
- Vertebral column
- Dorsal root ganglia
Vertebrae of tail, and spinous and transverse processes of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and median sacral crest and wings of sacrum are excluded from this.
What label should an OTM cattle carcass have?
- OTM = over 30 months
- Red stripe label
- Indicates the vertebral column must be removed
Where can the vertebral column of an OTM cow be removed?
At an authorised cutting plant ONLY; never in a butcher’s shop
What kind of label should be on a carcass from UTM cattle?
- UTM = under thirty months
- Removal of vertebral column is not required
- It does not require a red stripe label
SRM
Specified risk material: parts of cattle, sheep and goats that are most likely to pose a risk of infectivity if the animal was infected with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease.
It must be removed from both human and animal food chains and destroyed.
What is considered SRM in sheep and goats under 12 months old?
No SRM in these animals
What is considered SRM in sheep and goats over 12 months old?
- Skull
- Brai
- Eyes
- Spinal cord
What are the current requirements for BSE testing in the UK?
- BSE testing is not routinely done in healthy cattle
- Monitoring still occurs in at-risk cattle over 48 months old
- When the BSE test is performed, everything must be traceable until the results are obtained
Who can perform a BSE test at the abattoir?
Only someone who has received the appropriate training from APHA
True/false: if you have cattle carcasses awaiting the results of a BSE test, they must be detained until the test results are known.
True
Must seal fridges/rooms. If the seal is broken, report for investigation.
Hides may leave the site if there is a prior agreed protocol between the FSA-FBO and SOP is adhered to; everything else must remain
What should you do if you have missing carcasses? The cattle were over 30 months old.
a) Note in the records but take no further action
b) Report to APHA as risk to human health
c) Report to police
b) Report to APHA as risk to human health
You don’t know if the vertebral column was removed.
