Post Mortem

Question 1

What are the 4 post mortem procedures? Why do you need to go through each one

Answer 1

Visual Exam- lesions

Olfaction–acetone/uremic smells

Palpation-abscesses/neoplasia

Incisional-LN

Question 2

What are the 3 regions of the body inspected and what on each other those and why?

Answer 2

Head-epitheliomas, actino’s, abscesses, LN, masseter muscle (cysticersosis, eosinophillic myositis), Tongue-FB actino

Viscera- Ln, esophagus, spleen, “pluck”, abdominal viscera (liver, bile ducts)

Carcass- Hindquarters-LN, Forequarters-cut muscles, diaphragm, pleura, carcass exterior for brusing abscess and DRUG INJECTION SITES, in pigs for eryso

Question 3

If you need to retain a carcass what do you do?

Answer 3

Place 4 tags on the carcass:

Carcass

Viscera

Head

Keep one for reference for the USDA

Question 4

What are your 5 principles for post mortem deposition?

Answer 4

Remove and condemn diseased/abnormal tissues

Localize vs Generalized dz

Derangement of body functions

Injurious to health of consumer

Offensive and Repugnant

Question 5

How do you tell localized from generalized dz?

And acute vs chronic

Answer 5

Evaluate LN and Circulation.

acute you will see septicemia/pyemia/pyrexia

Question 6

What are some features of a derangement (disturbance of normal bodily function) of body functions? Why could these symptoms be showing? Which ones will be condemned?

Answer 6

Uremia–urinary caniculi

Icteric-impared liver fx/bile duct obstruction

Generalized edema-CHF

Emaciation-acetonemic scent

All of them are condemned

Question 7

What are some ddx for icterus?

Answer 7

Yellow fat in animals with heavy maize rations

Normal in Jerseys and Guernsey cattle

Question 8

What is considered injurious to consumers health

Answer 8

Tissues that contain harmful, toxic, or infectious agents that would harm the consumer

Question 9

What does the PHB do if they suspect presence of residues in the animal carcass/parts?

Answer 9

In plant screening tests including

FAST

KIS

Question 10

What does the USDA do to prevent injurious to health of consumer

Answer 10

Residue program:

Monitoring programs and surveillance programs

Question 11

What happens with an illegal residue is detected?

Answer 11

the FSIS reports the violation to FDA’s CVM and the FSIS will notify the producer.

Question 12

The surveillance program is run by?

Answer 12

FSIS/FDA

the animals are sampled bc they belong to livestock producers RESPONSIBLE for residue violation.

Question 13

What are some examples of offensive and repugnant conditions

Answer 13

Malignant lymphoma

Eosinophillic myositis

Liver flukes/abscesses

Muscular hemorrhage

Ketosis

Milk fever

Swine erysipelas

Question 14

What happens if a cow has lymphsarcoma?

Answer 14

Condemned

but its for aesthetic reasons bc malignant lymphoma has no evidence that BLV is transmissible to humans

Question 15

If at custom slaughter the owner still wants to eat the meat from a BLV infected cow, what should you tell them?

Answer 15

Cook the meat to an internal temp of 77C

Question 16

What happens if you find eosinophillic myositis?

Answer 16

If generalized, condemnation

If localized, trim the meat and the rest can be used.

Question 17

If you find fascioloides magna, what do you do?

Answer 17

Affected livers are unfit for human food and check for presence of icterus

Question 18

If you find liver abscesses, what do you do?

Answer 18

Animals with normal rectal temps and were healthy antemortem and no other post mortem findings, just the liver is condemned.

But if additional post mortem findings with liver abscessation and bad history–whole carcass is condemned

Question 19

Whites spots on pig livers-what is the likely cause and what do you do?

Answer 19

Ascaris suum

If one pig has it, the whole herd has it.

If the parasite has obstructed the bile duct resulting in icterus–condemn

if its localized to the lungs-no problem we dont eat lungs anyways

if the liver tissue damage is minimal-then complete trimming can be acceptable

otherwise, its not aesthetically pleasing and the whole liver should be condemned

Question 20

If you see blood splash-muscular hemorrhage, what should you do?

Answer 20

If a healthy ante mortem, then the meat is fine and can be consumed OR

trim affected areas and discard

ground to eliminate their visual presence

the pork could be discarded

Question 21

If you smell sweet but offensive meat, what do you do?

Answer 21

Ketosis–probably from a febrile cow, or were close to calving prior to slaughter

Carcasses with acetonemia are unfit for human food.

Question 22

Milk fever….what do you do?

Answer 22

Can tx—withdrawal times

If the cow doesn’t respond to tx–then you’ll smell the ketosis

bruising from being a downer cow

make sure you take a rectal temp

If the cow doesn’t have infection and no odor-pass

Question 23

Swine erysipelas-what shoudl you do

Answer 23

remember–slight zoonotic

systemic involvement/widespread skin lesions-condemned

if small areas or localized joints-may be passed after removal of infected tissue

Question 24

Horses…..

Answer 24

FSIS IPP regulates

Stunning, exsanguination and inspect them.

Need to start off with head inspection like a cow plus: guttural pouch for abscesses-strep equi-CONDEMNATION OF ENTIRE CARCASS

Question 25

What else do you look for in horses?

Answer 25

Fistulous withers and poll evil indicates evidence of brucellosis-zoonotic

condemned

Question 26

What are you looking for in grey and white horses? where do you look for this?

Answer 26

Melanosis

axillary, perineal, subscapular spaces

Question 27

What are we doing about residues in horses?

Answer 27

PHV shoudl follow the FSIS Directive for residues bc most horses submitted for slaughter probably weren’t raised for human consumption

Question 28

What are your options for disposition at PM for horses?

Answer 28

Pass for food

Condemn all or part

Pass with restrictions

Question 29

What are reasons cattle will be condemned at AM?

Answer 29

DOA

Downer

Depressed

Epithelioma

Pyrexia

Sometimes emaciation

Question 30

What are some reasons cattle with will be condemned at PM?

Answer 30

Malignant lymphoma-BLV

Pneumonia

Epithelioma

Peritonitis

Septicemia