Post Modern Therapies Flashcards
2 Types of Post Modern Therapies
1) Narrative
2) Solution Focused
Narrative Therapy
Theory of Change
Change occurs by separating patient from problem and creating a new narrative or STORY, which EMPHASIZES the client’s competencies and STRENGHTS
Narrative Therapy
Therapist’s Role
- Collaborator
- Investigator
- Co-author
- Views individuals as the experts on their own lives
- NO FAMILY OF ORIGIN
Narrative Therapy
Treatment Goals
- Deconstruct problem saturated STORIES in order to create more helpful STORIES
- Re-authoring the STORY, having a new story emerge
Narrative Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
Client is invited to tell their Problem Saturated STORIES- the reason they are seeking therapy
Narrative Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Early / Middle
- The problem is externalized
- Mapping the influence / effects of the problem
- Identify / explore unique outcomes
- Re-author STORY
- Enlist a witness
Narrative Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End
- Document and support new STORY
- Write letter to self and others
Narrative Therapy
Interventions: Externalizing the Problem
- Separating the person from the problem STORY
* What is anxiety trying to tell you to do?
Narrative Therapy
Interventions: Mapping the Influence
- Process of eliciting from the client a detailed description of the problem’s effect and influence on their life and relationships
- What is its impact on their life
Narrative Therapy
Interventions: Deconstructive Questions
- Questions that CLARIFY meaning and help people unpack their stories
- Encourage client to situate their narratives in BROADER CONTEXTS
*What does it mean to you?
Solution-Focused Therapy
Theory of Change
- Change occurs through ACCESSING client’s STRENGTHS and RESOURCES
- Emphasizes finding SOLUTIONS to a problem, not on discovering the cause or origins of the problem
- NO EXPLORATION OF THE PAST
Solution-Focused Therapy
Therapist’s Role
- Consultant
- Coach
Solution-Focused Therapy
Treatment Goals
- Client implements small and large changes to achieve their preferred future
- Client builds on current STRENGTHS and RESOURCES
Solution-Focused Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
SHORT TERM MODEL
- Join with client competencies
- Envision preferred future
- Begin to identify client’s strengths
- Use SOLUTION oriented language
- Come up with achievable goals
Solution-Focused Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Middle
SHORT TERM MODEL
- Identify strengths, resources and traits client already has used to deal with problem
- Utilize solution-talk
- Identify exceptions to problems
- Utilize SCALING QUESTIONS to reflect on the nature of change the client has experienced
- Feedback to client that include compliments and tasks
- Catch and highlight small changes
- Compliments / Cheerleading
Solution-Focused Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End
SHORT TERM MODEL
- Assist client to identify things they can do to continue the changes they have made
- Identify HURDLES or perceived barriers that could get in the way of the changes they made
- Always look for SOLUTIONS!!
Solution-Focused Therapy
Interventions: Exception Questioning
- Think of a TIME when your PROBLEM DID NOT EXIST, what did the client DO DIFFERENTLY during that time
- Focus on what has WORKED IN THE PAST to provide a positive perspective
*Tell me about the times when you didn’t get angry
Solution-Focused Therapy
Interventions: Miracle Questioning
- Envision a future where the PROBLEM DOES NOT EXIST, what does your life look like
- WHAT WOULD BE DIFFERENT that will tell you a miracle has happened and your problem has been solved?
Solution-Focused Therapy
Interventions: Scaling Questions
- Think of a SCALE ranging from the worst things to the best
- Client rates current position and is asked to identify how he could move up or down the scale
- Identify what point on the scale would be good enough or where “perfect future” is
*What would need to happen to get things higher on the scale?
Solution-Focused Therapy
Interventions: Presupposing Change
- Ask questions to FOCUS ON THE POSITIVE CHANGES that have been occurring
- What’s different, or better since the last time we met?
Solution-Focused Therapy
Interventions: Coping Questions
- If client has trouble identifying positive change, questions are asked to illustrate resources the client already has
- Supportive while challenging the client and shifting focus from problem focused narratives
*How do you keep going each day even when it feels like there is no hope?
Solution-Focused Therapy
REMEMBER FOR TEST
FOCUS: creating SOLUTIONS to problems instead of evaluating root cause
TEST: does not use the word “problem” so any answers with the word “problem” can be disregarded
