Cognitive Behavioral Therapies Flashcards
4 Types of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
1) Cognitive
2) REBT - Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
3) Reality
4) Dialectic Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Theory of Change
- Relationship between THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, BEHAVIORS
- Modify dysfunctional thought patterns
- COPE with stressors in a more positive manner
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Therapist’s Role
- Collaborative teacher
- Uses STRUCTURED learning experiences
- Teach COPING skills
- Provides HOMEWORK
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Treatment Goals
- Recognize PATTERNS of thought
- Evaluate validity
- Replace with healthier ways of thinking
- Develop positive COPING skills and strategies
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Main Concept)
Negative Cognitive Triad
- View of Self (“I’m not worth anything”)
- View of the world (“Everyone hates me”)
- View of the future (“No hopes in my future”)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Interventions
Cognitive Restructuring
Teaches client to IDENTIFY irrational, distorted, or maladaptive beliefs, QUESTION the evidence for the belief, and generate alternative responses
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
- Establish safe and supportive therapeutic relationship
- Complete a functional analysis to assess and define the problem
- EDUCATE and explain CBT
- Set collaborative GOALS
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Middle
- Identify NEGATIVE thought patterns
- Uncover negative schemas
- Assign HOMEWORK to self-monitor thoughts and moods and behaviors
- Label cognitive DISTORTIONS
- Reframe thoughts
- Learn and practice new skills and behaviors
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End
- REVIEW gains
- IDENTIFY skills learned
- REHEARSE for new situations
- ANTICIPATE future struggles
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Theory of Change
Change occurs through the changing irrational BELIEFS to rational BELIEFS, which improves clients’ emotional and behavioral functioning
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Therapist’s Role
- Instructor
- CONFRONTATIONAL
- Direct
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Treatment Goals
Help clients alter illogical BELIEFS and thinking patterns in order to overcome psychological problems and mental distress
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Key Concept: ABC
A - Activating Event: Something happens in the surrounding environment
B - Beliefs: You hold a belief about the even or situation
C - Consequence: There is an emotional response to the belief
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Key Concept: Acceptance Triad
1) SELF ACCEPTANCE: I have good and bad points, I am allowed to have flaws. Despite my good and bad points, I am no more worthy or less worthy than any other person
2) OTHER ACCEPTANCE: Sometimes other people will not treat me fairly. There is no law that other people have to treat me fairly all the time. People who don’t treat me fairly are no more worth or less worthy than any other person
3) LIFE ACCEPTANCE: Life does not always work out the way you want. There is no rule that life has to go the way you want. Although life will not always be pleasant, it is never awful or completely unbearable.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
- Provide psychoEDUCATION about REBT
- IDENTIFY underlying irrational thought patterns and beliefs and the resulting feelings and behaviors
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Phases of Treatment
Middle
- CHALLENGE mistaken beliefs
- Therapist must dispute these beliefs using very direct and CONFRONTATIONAL methods (Ellis believed therapists need to be blunt, honest, and logical to push people toward changing their thoughts and behaviors)
- Clients are encouraged to change unwanted behaviors using meditation, journaling, and guided imagery
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Phases of Treatment
End
- REVIEW progress made and apply learned skills to anticipated future struggles
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Theory of Change
- Change happens through MINDFULNESS skills to manage distress tolerance and emotional regulations, and improving interpersonal problem solving skills
- Emphasis on accepting UNCOMFORTABLE thought instead of struggling with them
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Therapist’s Role
- Ally
- Validate and offer alternatives
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Treatment Goals
Improve emotional and cognitive regulation
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Key Concept: Mindfulness
- The practice of being fully aware and present in this one moment
- ACCEPTANCE of feelings without judgment
- CBT + Mindfulness
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
- Help client to move from being out of control to achieving behavioral control
- MINDFULNESS and distress tolerance skills are taught
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Middle
- Fuller emotional experiencing
- Support the client to learn to live
- Define life goals
- Build self respect
- Find peace and happiness
Dialectic Behavior Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End
- Finding a deeper meaning through a spiritual existence
Reality Therapy
Theory of Change
Change occurs through IDENTIFYING and MEETING needs as well as developing satisfying interpersonal relationships
Reality Therapy
Therapist’s Role
- Main function is to create a NURTURING relationship with the client
- SUPPORTIVE, non-judgmental, patient coach
Reality Therapy
Treatment Goals
- Client learns more effective ways of meeting his or her needs
- Clients learn to engage in self-evaluation
- Clients gain a sense of inner control of their lives
- Clients learn to change what they do as a key to changing how they feel and getting what they want
Reality Therapy
Key Concept: Choice Theory
Asserts that each of us is a self-determining being who can choose future behaviors and hold ourselves consciously responsible for how we are acting, thinking, feeling, and also for our physiological states
Reality Therapy
Key Concepts: Four Needs
1) Love / Belonging
2) Power / Achievement
3) Freedom
4) Fun / Relaxation
Reality Therapy
Interventions
- Focus on areas where client has CHOICES
- Focus on present CHOICES
- Discuss feelings only when related to client’s behaviors / CHOICES
- Teach self-evaluation
Reality Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning
- Create a therapeutic environment - both supportive and challenging
- Ask client what they want from therapy
- Discuss direction of their lives
- Define the WANTS of the client
Reality Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Middle
- Explore CHOICES client is making in current relationships
- Identify other possible CHOICES
- Encourage client to focus on what they can control
- Formulate ACTION PLAN for change
Reality Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End
- REVIEW what client has learned
- Plan for maintenance of new behavior
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
ON TEST LOOK FOR
thinking PATTERNS affecting beliefs about the world
