Post lab ( 9) Genetics Flashcards
fundamental law of inheritance Law of Dominance
One gene expresses itself in the presence of its allele
Law segregation
members of an allelic pair separate during the formation of gametes
Law of independent assortment
each gene pair (alleles) tends to assort independently of other genes pairs are located on non-homologous chromosomes during the formation of gametes
simple dominance definition and example
inheritance in which one gene expresses itself in the presence of it’s recessive allele.
example
P=purple
p =yellow
Incomplete dominance definition and example
inheritance in which on allele is not dominant over the other offspring are intermediate in characteristics between the parents.
example
RR=red
RW=pink
WW= white
Multiple alleles definition and example
inheritance in which the gene for a given character exits in the form of there or more alleles
example
ABO blood groups
X-lined (sex-Linked) definition and example
inheritance of traits from genes located on the X(or rarely Y) chromosome
eye color in fruit flies
red/green color blindness
hemophilia in humas
Sex influenced definition and example
which the expression of the gene or genes is affected by the presence or absence of sex hormones
example
early baldness in humans
define genetics
The science of heredity; The study of the transmission of characteristics from one generation to the next
define dominant
A gene that expresses itself in the presence of its recessive allele. “stronger” can express
Define recessive
A gene that cannot express itself in the presence of its dominant allele. “weaker”
Define allele
A form of a gene; allele of a gene determine different expression of the same trait
Define genotype how to remember and example
The actual genetic makeup of an individual
Code
PP
Pp
pp
Define Phenotype how to remember and example
The physical appearance of an individual
ph=physical
purple vs yellow
Define homozygous how remember and example
members of allelic pair are the same
Homo- same
same two letters upper/lower case together
define Heterozygous how to remember and example
members of an allelic pair different
hetero= different
different letters together
in autosomal inheritance, of kernel color in corn the gene for _______ kernels is dominant over the gene for ____kernels. This is an example of simple dominance
purple
yellow
by calculating a ______ we can accept or reject our hypothesis by comparing our observed data with expected data.
test statistic
what is the formula for Chi square
E
Is recessive upper/lower case
lower case
is dominant upper/lower case
UPPER CASE
FIND PUNNETT SQUARE
FIND PUNNETT SQUARE
