Post-industrial Britain

Question 1

What is urbanisation?

Answer 1

The growth of cities and the migration to towns/cities for work

Question 2

Social class

Answer 2

Introduction of middle class (factory owners)

Question 3

Gender

Answer 3

Still low participation in females compared to males

Question 4

Law and order

Answer 4

Development of police force → more defined laws, sense of order within society
Decline of violent sports
Controlled gambling

Question 5

Education and literacy

Answer 5

Upper class boys attended 19th century public schools
State education came into place for working class

Question 6

Education and literacy

Answer 6

Pe made compulsory

Introduction of grammar schools

Question 7

Availability of time

Answer 7

Decrease in working hours → more leisure time for the working class

Question 8

Transport

Answer 8

Transport made available for everyone, made sports more accessible

Question 9

Availability of money

Answer 9

Paid holiday and better pay → more disposable income for working class

Question 10

Why were 19th century public schools so influential in promoting and organising sports?

Answer 10

> a lot of time spent on sport → believed games were valuable
money
rules were developed and games more structured (codified)
head teachers were well respected and influential so society followed their ideals
ex-pupils promoted ethics and games when left school

Question 11

What is muscular Christianity?

Answer 11

The combination of Christian gentlemen beliefs with patriotic duty, manliness, athleticism, teamwork and discipline