Positives and Negatives of each unit Flashcards
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Ethical issues of socail
Milgram’s study involved making people believed they killed people with 450V. 3 people had seizures due to the stress and pressure of the commands given to them by the examiner. 16% where also not glad to have taken part in the experiment. Deception that they cannot withdrawal.
Sheridan and Kin involved shocking puppies- physical pain.
Ethical strengths of socail
Burger lower voltage to 150 Volts, not enough to kill someone, furthermore there was a screening process to remove people with mental health issues.
I Sherifs study the parents of the children gave informed consent.
Ethical issues of cognitive psychology
Schmock et al used participants that had amnesia so they cannot give valid consent, they would not remember what they are doing. they will not remember the debrief either or the fact they can withdraw making the study unethical.
Baddeley did deceive participants with a surprise recall task so the study could have been stressful.
Ethical strength of cognitive psychology
All studies, from Baddeley to Schmock do not put participants to psychical harm, they are all mental tasks and no risk of physical harm. In Baddeley’s experiment there is also informed consent.
Ethical strength of biology psychology
We use case studies which is a much more ethical than causing brain damage to a participants. Another ethical strength is that Brendgen got consent from parents and teachers.
Ethical weaknesses of biology psychology
Rain et al used people claiming NGRI which means that firstly they cannot give valid consent and secondly could of just been forced to give consent by lawyers. Brendgen et al got peer rating from children to rate their friends which could damage friendships and cause some psychological harm.
Ethical strengths of learning psychology
Physical harm to dog was minimal meaning the benefit outweigh the suffering as we can now CC someone to relax their fears. For Bandura consent was given by both parents and teachers.
Ethical issues with learning psychology
Dog’s in Pavlov studies would experience distress as they are put in soundproof boxes as well as harnesses to restrict their movements. Another problem is that Bandura exposed the children to aggression which could of distressed them.
Practical issues in social psychology
Milgram only used males in his study which means that it is not generalisable to everyone as females may be more or less obedient. Furthermore, robbers cave study used a field experiment meaning that extraneous variables cannot be controlled.
Practical strengths of social psychology
Milgram used a lab experiment meaning that he had high control over the variables in the experiment, it is easier to establish cause and effect. Robbers cave is a field experiment meaning high ecological validity.
Practical issues of cognitive
Case studies are not genralisable as most people do not have brain damage. Furthermore Baddeley did not use everyday tasks lowering validity.
Practical strengths of cognitive
Baddeley used a standardise procedure increasing reliability as it can be repeated. Schmolk used a matched pairs design increasing validity by reducing the effect of individual differences.
Practical strength of biology.
Brendgen used a large sample size of 234 pairs of twins increasing the generalisablity. Another strength is that rain used a standardise procedure (2 weeks off medication)
Practical issue of biological
Raine only used 41 murderers, only 2 where female making it very hard to link brain dysfunction as a cause of aggressive crime. Kety used his own criteria of diagnostic for schizophrenia, eg: what is borderline schizophrenia.
Practical strengths for learning theories
Bandura used a control group to compare behaviour without influence to help establish cause and effect. Pavlov’s dog study uses a standardised procedure that he repeated over 25 years,