positive approach assumptions Flashcards
who developed the positive approach
seligman in 1990s
what is the PERMA model
a scientific theory of happiness
what does PERMA stand for
P- positive
E- engagement
R-relationships
M-meaning
A-accomplishment
what is the first assumption of the positive approach and what does it mean
acknowledgement of free will
humans are in charge of their own emotions and behaviour and are able to change these
what do positive psychologists say believe about the acknowledgement of free will
believe that the way we behave is because we have the ability to grow and respond actively to events around us
acknowledgement of free will
what did the study conducted by diener and seligman 2002 involve and what did they find
explored ties that students had to their family and friends, measured by the amount of time they invested into these relationships
found that the students who had the strongest ties to friends and family were happier and there was a negative correlation between levels of happiness and depression
what is the second assumption of the positive approach
the authenticity of goodness and excellence
what does the assumption of goodness and excellence state
that human goodness and excellence are as authentic as disorders and distress and therefore deserve equal attention from mental health practitioners
the feelings of happiness and goodness are as natural as feelings of stress and anxiety
what does seligman believe about our strengths
we have innate behaviours which he refers to as ‘signature strengths’, these are character strengths which are essential to who we are
what is the values in action classification of strengths
system which explores your virtues and strengths
what is a virtue and what is a strengths in the sense of the values in action classification of strengths
virtue is a trait or characteristic deemed to be morally excellent
strength is a personality trait which may be used to achieve these virtues
what are the six virtues in the values in action classification of strengths
wisdom
courage
humanity
justice
temperance
transcendence
what do all six of these virtues mean
wisdom - use of knowledge
courage - will to accomplish goals in face of internal or external conflict
humanity - interpersonal strength
justice - civic strengths
temperance - strengths that protect us against excesses
transcendence- strengths that connect us to the larger universe
what are two character strengths within the virtue wisdom
curiosity and interest in the world
love and learning
what are two character strengths within the virtue of courage
valour, bravery and courage
integrity, honesty , authenticity and genuineness
what are two character strengths of the virtue humanity
kindness and generosity
capacity to love and to be loved
what are two character strengths of the virtue justice
leadership
fairness, equity and justice
what are two character strengths of the virtue temperance
self control and self regulation
modesty and humility
what are two character strengths of the virtue transcendence
gratitude
playfulness and humour
what does seligmans 2001 research argue
that if each person has a set of core strengths that they apply and incorporate into everyday life , that this person will experience authentic happiness
list four of these core strengths mentioned by seligman
excitement about using your strength
feelings of joy, zest, enthusiasm when using your strength
rapid learning when your strength is used
what is the third assumption of the positive approach
focus on the ‘good life’
what are the 3 desirable lives that seligman believe
the pleasant life
the good life
the meaningful life
what is the pleasant life
happiness comes from pursuing positive emotions and daily satisfaction
