Positioning

Question 1

WhAt can result from prolonged stretching or pressure of nerves?

Answer 1

Sensory and motor loss to paralysis and wasting

Question 2

What can be injured with extreme positions of the head and arms over 90 degrees?

Answer 2

Brachial plexus

Question 3

Common nerve injury for shoulder?

Answer 3

Brachial plexus

Question 4

Common nerve injury of the elbow?

Answer 4

Ulnar nerve

Question 5

Common nerve injury of the wrist?

Answer 5

Radial nerve

Question 6

Common nerve injury of leg?

Answer 6

Peroneal nerve

Question 7

Common nerve injury of back and leg?

Answer 7

Sciatic nerve

Question 8

When are pressure injuries more common?

Answer 8

In surgeries over 2 hrs

Question 9

What are the most common injured sites?

Answer 9

Sacrum and heels

Question 10

When might the supine position be used?

Answer 10

Abdominal surgery
Anterior chest
Head and neck
Vascular
Pelvis
Extremities

Question 11

When might trendelenburg be used?

Answer 11

Gynecological procedures

Question 12

When might reverse trendelenburg be used?

Answer 12

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Question 13

When might the lithotomy position be used?

Answer 13

Gynecological, rectal, and anal procedures (D&C, vaginal hysterectomy, rectal surgery, hemrrhoidectomy, sm bowel procedures)

Question 14

When might fowlers be used?

Answer 14

Shoulder
ENT
Neuro

Question 15

What is the difference between fowlers and semi fowlers?

Answer 15

Fowlers is at 90 degrees while semi is at 45

Question 16

When might the prone position e used?

Answer 16

Spine
Back
Dorsal limbs
Rectal procedures

Question 17

How do we put a person into a prone position ?

Answer 17

Log roll with 4 people
Anesthesia provides head and neck support
A person on transport vehicle side with hands on pts shoulder and butt to initiate roll
Third person on opposite side of OR bed with arms extended to support chest and lower abdomen as log rolled
Fourth person at foot of bed to support feet and legs

Question 18

What do chest rolls help prevent and where are they placed?

Answer 18

Placed under each shoulder to iliac crest to relieve pressure on brachial plexus from clavicle

Question 19

How does the jackknife position affect the circulatory system?

Answer 19

Feet and head are in dependent positions causing cephalad and caudad venous pooling

Question 20

When would the knee chest position be used?

Answer 20

Primarily for spinal surgery such as thoracic and lumbar laminectomy and diskectomy

Question 21

When would the lateral position be used?

Answer 21

Thoracic procedures, total hip, or polonidal sinus

Question 22

Why should an anxillary roll be used in the lateral position ?

Answer 22

Places weight of chest on rib cage I stead of compressing the lower shoulder and axilla