Positioning Flashcards
WhAt can result from prolonged stretching or pressure of nerves?
Sensory and motor loss to paralysis and wasting
What can be injured with extreme positions of the head and arms over 90 degrees?
Brachial plexus
Common nerve injury for shoulder?
Brachial plexus
Common nerve injury of the elbow?
Ulnar nerve
Common nerve injury of the wrist?
Radial nerve
Common nerve injury of leg?
Peroneal nerve
Common nerve injury of back and leg?
Sciatic nerve
When are pressure injuries more common?
In surgeries over 2 hrs
What are the most common injured sites?
Sacrum and heels
When might the supine position be used?
Abdominal surgery Anterior chest Head and neck Vascular Pelvis Extremities
When might trendelenburg be used?
Gynecological procedures
When might reverse trendelenburg be used?
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
When might the lithotomy position be used?
Gynecological, rectal, and anal procedures (D&C, vaginal hysterectomy, rectal surgery, hemrrhoidectomy, sm bowel procedures)
When might fowlers be used?
Shoulder
ENT
Neuro
What is the difference between fowlers and semi fowlers?
Fowlers is at 90 degrees while semi is at 45
When might the prone position e used?
Spine
Back
Dorsal limbs
Rectal procedures
How do we put a person into a prone position ?
Log roll with 4 people
Anesthesia provides head and neck support
A person on transport vehicle side with hands on pts shoulder and butt to initiate roll
Third person on opposite side of OR bed with arms extended to support chest and lower abdomen as log rolled
Fourth person at foot of bed to support feet and legs
What do chest rolls help prevent and where are they placed?
Placed under each shoulder to iliac crest to relieve pressure on brachial plexus from clavicle
How does the jackknife position affect the circulatory system?
Feet and head are in dependent positions causing cephalad and caudad venous pooling
When would the knee chest position be used?
Primarily for spinal surgery such as thoracic and lumbar laminectomy and diskectomy
When would the lateral position be used?
Thoracic procedures, total hip, or polonidal sinus
Why should an anxillary roll be used in the lateral position ?
Places weight of chest on rib cage I stead of compressing the lower shoulder and axilla
