Anesthesia

Question 1

What is non invasive monitoring?

Answer 1

Monitors used that do not disrupt pts tissue integrity

Question 2

Examples of non invasive monitors?

Answer 2

BP cuff
ECG
Pulse oximetry

Question 3

What is capnography?

Answer 3

Measures end tidal co2.

Question 4

What are invasive monitors?

Answer 4

Monitors that disrupt pt tissue integrity

Question 5

Examples of invasive monitors?

Answer 5

Urinary catheter
Arterial line
Central venous pressure
Swan ganz catheter

Question 6

What is an arterial line?

Answer 6

Inserted into artery, usually radial artery, and monitors arterial blood pressure.

Nothing is to be injected into this line
Must be attached to pressurized bag(keeps open)
Attached to transducer
In for 24-48 hrs post op

Question 7

What is a central venous pressure line?

Answer 7

Measure pressure of blood in thoracic vena cava.
Attached to pressurized bag.
Usually inserted into right internal jugular
Threaded into right atrium
Cn be a single, double, or triple lumen

Question 8

Why would a double lumen intubation tube be used?

Answer 8

Want to ventilate one lung while other is deflated

Question 9

What is a class 1 Asa pt?

Answer 9

Normal healthy pt

Question 10

Class 2 asa pt?

Answer 10

Mild systemic disease

E.g diabetes, htn

Question 11

Class 3 Asa?

Answer 11

Pt with severe systemic disease that limits activity but not incapacitating

Question 12

Class 4 Asa?

Answer 12

Pt with severe systemic disease that is constant threat to life

Question 13

Class 5 Asa?

Answer 13

Moribund (end of life) pt not expected to survive 24 hours with or without complications

Question 14

Class 6 Asa?

Answer 14

Pt declared brain dead whose organs are being removed for donor purposes

Question 15

What are the types of anesthesia?

Answer 15

General
Regional (includes epidural and spinal)
Local (with or without sedation)

Balanced anesthesia
Total IV anesthesia

Question 16

What is general anesthesia?

Answer 16

Asleep pt; reversible unconscious state

Question 17

Why do some anaesthetists give pre sx meds?

Answer 17

Sedate pt
Reduce anxiety
Provide amnesia

Question 18

Explain stage 1 of anesthesia

Answer 18

Drug administration to loss of consciousness

Question 19

Explain stage 2 of anesthesia

Answer 19

Loss of consciousness to onset of regular breathing

Question 20

Explain stage 3 of anesthesia

Answer 20

Onset of regular breathing to cessation of regular breathing

Question 21

Explain stage 4 of anesthesia

Answer 21

Cessation of breathing until circulatory failure which leads to death

Question 22

Stage 2 of anesthesia is aka

Answer 22

Excitement phase

Question 23

Stage 3 of anesthesia is aka

Answer 23

Surgical anesthesia

Question 24

What are the phases of general anesthesia?

Answer 24

Induction (intubation)
Maintenance (positioning until near completion of sx)
Emergence (extubation)
Recovery

Question 25

When is an unruffled endotracheal tube used?

Answer 25

On kids

Question 26

When would rapid sequence induction need to be used?

Answer 26

Full stomach
Bowel obstruction
Hiatal hernia
Esophageal reflux
Perforated gastric ulcers
Pregnancy in 2nd and 3rd trimester
Emergencies