Anesthesia Flashcards
What is non invasive monitoring?
Monitors used that do not disrupt pts tissue integrity
Examples of non invasive monitors?
BP cuff
ECG
Pulse oximetry
What is capnography?
Measures end tidal co2.
What are invasive monitors?
Monitors that disrupt pt tissue integrity
Examples of invasive monitors?
Urinary catheter
Arterial line
Central venous pressure
Swan ganz catheter
What is an arterial line?
Inserted into artery, usually radial artery, and monitors arterial blood pressure.
Nothing is to be injected into this line
Must be attached to pressurized bag(keeps open)
Attached to transducer
In for 24-48 hrs post op
What is a central venous pressure line?
Measure pressure of blood in thoracic vena cava.
Attached to pressurized bag.
Usually inserted into right internal jugular
Threaded into right atrium
Cn be a single, double, or triple lumen
Why would a double lumen intubation tube be used?
Want to ventilate one lung while other is deflated
What is a class 1 Asa pt?
Normal healthy pt
Class 2 asa pt?
Mild systemic disease
E.g diabetes, htn
Class 3 Asa?
Pt with severe systemic disease that limits activity but not incapacitating
Class 4 Asa?
Pt with severe systemic disease that is constant threat to life
Class 5 Asa?
Moribund (end of life) pt not expected to survive 24 hours with or without complications
Class 6 Asa?
Pt declared brain dead whose organs are being removed for donor purposes
What are the types of anesthesia?
General
Regional (includes epidural and spinal)
Local (with or without sedation)
Balanced anesthesia
Total IV anesthesia
What is general anesthesia?
Asleep pt; reversible unconscious state
Why do some anaesthetists give pre sx meds?
Sedate pt
Reduce anxiety
Provide amnesia
Explain stage 1 of anesthesia
Drug administration to loss of consciousness
Explain stage 2 of anesthesia
Loss of consciousness to onset of regular breathing
Explain stage 3 of anesthesia
Onset of regular breathing to cessation of regular breathing
Explain stage 4 of anesthesia
Cessation of breathing until circulatory failure which leads to death
Stage 2 of anesthesia is aka
Excitement phase
Stage 3 of anesthesia is aka
Surgical anesthesia
What are the phases of general anesthesia?
Induction (intubation)
Maintenance (positioning until near completion of sx)
Emergence (extubation)
Recovery
When is an unruffled endotracheal tube used?
On kids
When would rapid sequence induction need to be used?
Full stomach Bowel obstruction Hiatal hernia Esophageal reflux Perforated gastric ulcers Pregnancy in 2nd and 3rd trimester Emergencies
