POSI LEC1 Flashcards
1
Q
name of the exam
A
Radiographic view
2
Q
The body part being imaged
A
Radiographic view
3
Q
Position that the patient will be in when the exposure is made (what direction the patient is facing)
A
Patient position
4
Q
What position the specific body part being examined will be placed in relative to the film and the x-ray beam.
A
Body part position
5
Q
Describes the projected path of the primary x-ray beam.
A
Central Ray (Projection)
6
Q
Where the x-ray beam enters and exits the patient.
A
Central Ray (Projection)
7
Q
The patient is standing or lying down, facing you with the palms of the hands forward.
A
Anatomic Position
8
Q
Enters anterior, exits posterior.
There is no angulation.
PERPENDICULAR
A
AP
9
Q
Enters posterior, exits anterior.
There’s no angulation.
PARALLEL
A
PA
10
Q
Enteres anterior, exits posterior.
There’s angulation in the centray ray.
PARALLEL
A
AXIAL
11
Q
PERPENDICULAR.
There’s no angulation of the head.
A
TANGENTIAL
12
Q
The body is always rotated 45 degrees.
There’s no angulation.
A
OBLIQUE
13
Q
Standing or Upright
Position when the transverse plane of the body is perpendicular to the horizon
A
Erect
14
Q
Can be lateral, supine or prone (lying down)
Position when the plane of the body is perpendicular to the horizon
A
Recumbent
15
Q
Central ray is directed horizontally OR he x-ray beam is parallel to the horizon.
A
Decubitus
16
Q
Central ray is directed verctically.
A
Recumbent
17
Q
Increased IOI
A
Magnification
18
Q
Cheyen’s Technique
A
RAPO - RPO
LAPO - LPO
RPAO - RAO
LPAO - LAO
19
Q
(Posterior recumbent position)
- Lying down on the back
A
Supine
20
Q
(Anterior recumbent position)
- Lying facedown
A
Prone
21
Q
Lying down on the xx side
A
XX lateral recumbent
22
Q
Patient is prone
Beam: Horizontal
A
Ventral decubitus
23
Q
Patient is supine
Beam: Horizontal
A
Dorsal decubitus
24
Q
Lying on the left lateral side
Beam: Horizontal
A
Left lateral decubitus
25
Beam enters the front suface and exits the back surface of the part.
Anteroposterior projection (AP)
26
Beam enters the back and exits the front of the part.
Posteroanterior projection
27
Lying down in any position.
Recumbent
28
Supine position, but the table is angulated 45 degrees where head is positions lower than rhe feet
Trendelenburg
29
Head higher than the feet ; Table is angulated 90 degrees
Fowler's Position
30
Patient lying on the left anterior side (semiprone) with the left leg extended and the right and thigh partially flexed
Sim's position
31
Position: supine
| The knees and hip flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally
Lithotomy position
32
Left posterior part of the body is closest to film
LPO
33
Right posterior part of the body is closest to film
RPO
34
Left anterior part of the body is closest to film
LAO
35
Right anterior part of the body is closest to film
RAO
36
Patient remains supine, but the CR is directed horizontally
Cross table Lateral
37
Patient lies with the right side of the body down
| CR: horizontally
Right dorsal decubitus
38
Patient lies with the left side of the body down
| CR: horizontally
Left lateral decubitus
39
Right side of the body is closest to the film
Right lateral
40
Left side of the body is closet to the film
Left lateral
41
Palm of hand is facing up (forward)
Supination (Supinate)
42
Palm faces down (backward)
Pronation (Pronate)
43
Towards the midline of the body
Adduction
44
Away from the midline of the body
Abduction
45
Increasing the angle bet. 2 adjacent bones by straightening a joint
Extension (Hyperextension)
46
Decreasing the angle bet. the adjacent bones by bending a joint
Flexion (Hyperflexion)
47
Turning a body part in an outward (lateral) direction
Eversion (Evert)
48
Towards the midline of the body
Medial rotation
49
Away from the midline of the body
Lateral rotation
50
Circular movement of a limb
Circumduction
51
Slanting a body part slightly
Tilt
52
A turning away from the regular standard
Deviation
53
Forward or front part of the body
Anterior or Ventral
54
Parts away from the head of the body
Caudad, Caudal or Inferior
55
Mid area or main part of the organ
Central
56
A part on the opposite side of the body
Contralateral
57
Part far down or far from the surface
Deep
58
Parts farthest from the point of attachment
Distal
59
A part outside of an organ or on the outside of the body
External
60
A part within or on the inside of an organ
Internal
61
A part on the same side of the body
Ipsilateral
62
Parts away from the median plane
Lateral
63
Parts toward median plane of the body
Median or Mesial
64
Parts at or near the surface, edge, or outside of a body part
Peripheral
65
Sole of the foot
Plantar
66
The back of a part or organ
Posterior or Dorsal
67
Parts nearer to the point of attachment, point of reference, origin or beginning
Proximal
68
A part near the skin or surface
Superficial
69
Sizes of the Cassette
```
8x10
10x12
11x14
14x14
14x17
```
70
Cassette orientations
- Lengthwise
| - Crosswose
71
Increased SID
Increased recorded detail
| Decreased magnification
72
SID used fort most convention examinations
40-48 inches
73
SID used for certain examinations of the skill (paranasal sinuses)
32-36 inches
74
SID used for chest radiography
72-120 inches
75
The distance between the radiography tube and the skin of the patient
Source-To-Skin-Distance (SSD)
76
SSD shall not be less than _inches & Should not be more than _inches
not be less than 12 inches
not more than 15 inches
77
The restriction of the useful beam to rhe anatomy being examined
Collimation
78
The end result
Radiograph
79
Structure of the body
Anatomy
80
Function of the body organs
Physiology
81
Study of the body of knowledge relating to the bones of the body
Osteology
82
Form of the body that determines the size, shape, tonus, motility of the internal organs.
Body habitus
83
Patients with similar anatomical characteristics
Body habitus
84
Cavities or spces of the body contain the internal organs or viscera
Body cavities
85
2 main cavities
- Ventral
| - Dorsal
86
The smaller of the two main cavities
Dorsal cavity
87
2 main sets of bones
Calvarium (Skull cap)
| Floor of the Cranial Bone
88
Subparts of the calvarium
Frontal
Right parietal
Left parietal
Occipital
89
Lies side to side from the temporal bone
Sphenoid
90
Lies below on the floor of the cranium and posterior on the lacrimal bone
Ethmoid
91
Lies under the nose
2 maxillae or upper jaw
92
Cheek bone
2 zygomatic bone (Malar bone)
93
Located below the eyes
2 nasal bone (left and right)
94
Located on the medical border and anterior to the ethmoid bone
2 Lacrimal bone
95
Located on the anterior surface of the skull
2 Palatine bone
96
body positioning terms
AP
| PA
97
Head higher than the feet ; Table angulated in 45 degrees
Semifowler's position
98
permanently imprinted onto radiograph
label
99
film label requirements
- must be permanent
- name & location of hosp.
- name of patient
- case number
- date
100
the tech should study radiographs from the ff. standpoints:
- density of the radiograph
- contrast of the radiograph
- sharpness of detail
- magnification in size
- shape distortion
101
4 main categories of body habitus
- hypersthenic, 5%
- sthenic, 50%
- hyposthenic, 35%
- asthenic, 105
102
the larger cavity
ventral (subdivided into 2 parts: thoracic and abdominopelvic)
103
located at the medial border of the nasal cavity
vomer
104
located behind the nasal septum
2 inferior nasal conchae
105
it passes vertically through midline of the body from front to back, dividing it into equal right and left portions
midsagittal
106
it passes vertically through the coronal suture of the cranium...
midcoronal
107
it passes crosswise through the body at right anles to its longitudinal axis... dividing it into superior and inferior portions
transverse
108
any plane that does not conform to the 3 descriptions
oblique plane
109
dividing the head into superior and inferior
anthropological plane
110
dividing the head into cranial and facial
orbitomeatal plane
111
hole of the ear
EAM
112
located in between the eyebrow
glabella
113
roof of the nose
nasion
114
located below the nasal septum and at the level of the maxillae
acanthion
115
located at the middle portion of the chin
mental point
116
the angle of mandible
gonion
117
external occipital protuberance
inion
118
corners of the eyes
canthus
119
medial corner of the eye
inner canthus
120
lateral corner of the eye
outer canthus
121
topmost portion of the head
vertex
122
located below the eye
infra-orbital ridge
123
located above the eye
supra-orbital ridge
124
a line drawn from the glabella to EAM
glabellomeatal line
125
a line drawn from the canthus to the EAM
orbitomeatal line
126
a line drawn from the acanthion to EAM
acanthiomeatal line
127
a line drawn from the mental point to EAM
mentomeatal line
128
a line drawn from the infra-orbital ridge to the EAM
infra-orbitalmeatal line
129
a line drawn from the supra-orbital ridge to EAM
supra-orbitomeatal line
130
a line drawn across the pupillary of the eyes
interpupillary line
131
____ head are long from front to back
- narrow from side to side
- dep from vertex to base
- 40 degrees in relation to petrous portion from MSP
dolicocephalic head
132
____ head are short from front to back
- broad from side to side
- shallow fromvertex to end
- 54 degrees in relation to petrous portion from MSP
brachycephalic head
133
clearly indentifies the R or L side of the pateint
typically made of lead and placed directly on IR
it is medicolegal requirement
it is unacceptable to hand-write the R o L
anatomic markers
134
turning a body part in an inward (medial) direction
Inversion (Invert)
135
refer to parts forward the head of the body
Cranial, Cephalic, and Superior
136
Supine; head higher than the feet; table is angulated 45 degreees
Semifowler's
