PORTUGAL E-READER

Question 1

Size of Portugal

Answer 1

It has a length of 560 km and a width that varies between 112 and 218 km

Question 2

Where Portugal it located?

Answer 2

West Europe (like Ireland), It borders the Atlantic Ocean on the south and west (848 km) and the country is located between 42 and 37 degrees of latitude north

Question 3

What is the highest point in Portugal?

Answer 3

Serra da Estrela

Question 4

Geologically most of the country is the result of old and major tectonic events that resulted in what kind of rocks?

Answer 4

metamorphic rocks such as granites, schist and quartzite

Question 5

What’s the difference between granites, schist, and quartzite?

Answer 5

Schist erodes away easily while granite and quartz do not.

Question 6

Rivers cut through the interior mountainous areas forming deep canyons and they empty in the Atlantic Ocean what?

Answer 6

eroded materials from the uplands and opening wide alluvial and fertile valleys

Question 7

Describe the north of Portugal

Answer 7

mountainous with steep canyons, high plateaus and saddle valleys between mountains

Question 8

Describe center of Portugal

Answer 8

A central mountain range separates the north from the south

Question 9

Describe the south of Portugal

Answer 9

Some mountainous regions, rolling hills and extensive plains

Question 10

Describe the climate of Portugal

Answer 10

mild with the highest precipitation in the mountainous areas of the northwest. Rainfall patterns are irregular and the southern plains often experience severe droughts. Temperature ranges are higher in the south and on the coast than in the interior regions of the north and lower in the interior mountains and the south. More pronounced during winter and summer.

Question 11

What affects soil formations, vegetation patterns and crop production?

Answer 11

Rock formations, erosion, rainfall and temperatures

Question 12

Northern rivers have higher and more regular flows but but cause what?

Answer 12

can cause devastating floods particularly after dam projects affected flow patterns and erosion.

Question 13

Describe the soils in different regions in Portugal

Answer 13

Northern granite soils erode slowly but produce deep soils particularly in the wider valleys.

On the hillsides, soils are shallow and their depth reflects the steepness of the hills.

Southern soils are generally shallower. Alluvial (clay, silt, sand, gravel, deposited by water) soils are poor and thin except in a few regions were clayey soils prevail (Beja area) or along the alluvial basins of the rivers Tejo and Sado (near Lisbon).

Question 14

Describe vegetation in Portugal

Answer 14

In the north: the oak and the pine, and eucalyptus.
In the northeast: chestnut and black oak.
In the south: l Mediterranean oak species, which produces cork.

Question 15

Is Portugal’s climate favorable to agriculture?

Answer 15

No, but the Portuguese do cultivate small garden plots everywhere and those products are the mainstay of household and local economies. Portugal was, and is, an agricultural country since Roman times.

Question 16

Lisbon, Porto and Coimbra are principal urban centers with what?

Answer 16

High population density

Question 17

What has urban sprawl done?

Answer 17

Urban sprawl has blurred the distinction between urban and rural areas and it is easy to find agricultural fields next door to factories or nested into semi-urban areas

Question 18

How did immigrants change Portugal?

Answer 18

immigrants brought needed technology and financial support, which changed the nature of agriculture

Question 19

Where did the Portuguese go during the World Wars?

Answer 19

First: US and Brazil
Second: other Norther European cities

Question 20

Describe regional fruit finding in Portugal

Answer 20

In the north, cabbage, potato, apple trees, pear trees, nespere and cherry trees as well as corn, wheat, and barley.

In the south, Mediterranean citrus trees, peach trees, tomatoes, rice and corn, wheat.

The grape is found all over the country and all regions produce wine.

Question 21

Portugal is the top producer of?

Answer 21

Cork

Question 22

Describe cattle culture in Portugal

Answer 22

Cows found more in north, entire country has sheep, goats and pigs

Question 23

Describe cattle culture in Portugal

Answer 23

Cows found more in north, entire country has sheep, goats and pigs

Question 24

Describe fishing influence and production in Portugal

Answer 24

Coastal and deep-sea fishing, fish preserves, canning, Cod fishing, salt exploration and collection of kelp, as well as a variety of seaweeds are economic activities.

Question 25

What was wolfram used for?

Answer 25

During the Second World War the existence in Portugal of wolfram, a rare mineral used in weaponry, led to extensive explorations despite the small amounts obtained. Wolfram was explored in Bagunte.

Question 26

What was wolfram used for?

Answer 26

During the Second World War the existence in Portugal of wolfram, a rare mineral used in weaponry, led to extensive explorations despite the small amounts obtained. Wolfram was explored in Bagunte.

Question 27

When did homo sapiens first enter Iberia?

Answer 27

towards the end of the Paleolithic period

Question 28

What makes the Atapuerca region so special? Name one cave.

Answer 28

rich in limestone caves that have preserved a million years of human evolution. Gran Dolina.

Question 29

Describe Sima de los Huesos, or “Pit of Bones” findings

Answer 29

Homo heidelbergensis and may be ancestors of the Neanderthals, one stone hand-ax, young adults or teenagers.

May have been deliberately a place for burial. The site the first evidence of hominin burial.

Question 30

Describe Sima de los Huesos, or “Pit of Bones” findings

Answer 30

Homo heidelbergensis and may be ancestors of the Neanderthals, one stone hand-ax, young adults or teenagers.

May have been deliberately a place for burial. The site the first evidence of hominin burial.

Question 31

When did Neanderthals first enter the Iberian Peninsula?

Answer 31

Around 200,000 BC, during the Lower Paleolithic period

Question 32

The Ebro River

Answer 32

Examples of the earliest anatomically modern human colonists - dating to ca. 40,000-30,000 years ago - are only found north of the Ebro.

Question 33

Name important events from the Neolithic period

Answer 33

4800 BCE that the first dolmen tombs begin to be built in southern Portugal, being possibly the oldest of their kind anywhere.

At around 4700 BCE cardium pottery vessels decorated with shell motives (cockles) appear in eastern and southern Iberia

Question 34

Name important events from the Neolithic period

Answer 34

4800 BCE that the first dolmen tombs begin to be built in southern Portugal, being possibly the oldest of their kind anywhere.

At around 4700 BCE cardium pottery vessels decorated with shell motives (cockles) appear in eastern and southern Iberia

Question 35

The Chalcolithic or Copper Age is the earliest phase of

Answer 35

metallurgy

Question 36

The Chalcolithic is also a period of what?

Answer 36

increased social complexity and stratification translated, in part, in the expansion of megalithic monuments and associated burial practices

Question 37

In c. 2600 BCE, what urbanized communities were most important?

Answer 37

Los Millares in SE Spain and Zambujal (belonging to Vila Nova de São Pedro culture, normally called Villanovan) in Portuguese Estremadura

Question 38

In c. 2600 BCE, what urbanized communities were most important?

Answer 38

Los Millares in SE Spain and Zambujal (belonging to Vila Nova de São Pedro culture, normally called Villanovan) in Portuguese Estremadura

Question 39

Other styles and their origin of Bell Beaker pottery

Answer 39

Palmela type in Portugal,
the Continental type in the plateau and
Almerian type in Los Millares, among others.